MovieChat Forums > Bridge of Spies (2015) Discussion > The Pledge of allegiance scene at the sc...

The Pledge of allegiance scene at the school was abit cringey


It just seemed really weird to me, like the little kids where being brainwashed into a cult or religion. Do you really do that in US schools and what happens if the kid doesn't want to participate, is it mandatory?

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It is not mandatory but people get angry if you don't stand up and recite it like a good little American. Same with the national anthem at sporting events. It is 100% indoctrination.

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It is 100% indoctrination.


Indeed. It's something you'd expect from a fascist state. In fact here's how kids were forced to perform the pledge until the Nazis became enemies of the US:

http://i.imgur.com/fciJky7.jpg



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I still don't see what's so awful about the pledge of allegiance.

I pledge allegiance - allegiance to your country is a basic element of citizenship in every nation.

to the flag of the United States of America - not to a monarch or a leader.

and to the Republic for which it stands - a system of government. Perhaps could be improved with a reference to the Constitution, but that's implicit.

one nation - I don't know what the objection would be here.

under God - wasn't in there until the '50s. If anybody could gin up a procedural basis to bring a suit (and cared enough to pay for it), it probably wouldn't pass constitutional muster nowadays.

indivisible - also wasn't in there until later. Basically a slap in the face to what's left of pro-Confederacy sympathizers. Perhaps an issue in rural Mississippi, but if so maybe it should be.

with liberty and justice for all - is somebody against that? Okay ... and willing to admit that they are?

The notion that group recital of principles is something to do is, I suppose, hilariously passe nowadays.

The salute is an amusing bit of history. There's nothing inherently fascist about that salute. Until Hitler and Mussolini ruined it, it was just a salute. Hitler ruined a bunch of things (like the name Adolf) and kind of put a question mark next to some others (Wagner, Volkswagen, being German), but that's just how it goes.

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I still don't see what's so awful about the pledge of allegiance.


Regardless of the words, the awfulness is the fact that little kids were essentially forced to say it, in a ritualistic way, repeatedly/daily. It's fascistic because it runs counter to tolerance of individuality or freedom of thought or difference of opinion.

If North Korea did it, then people would have no problem finding it creepy and totalitarian, because trying to make kids devote and submit themselves to the state is creepy and totalitarian.

And North Korea's pledge wouldn't be, "I pledge allegiance to evil and bad stuff muahahahahaha", it would be just the same as the US: "I pledge allegiance to things nobody can object to unless they are traitors".

IMO, there's no reason why private citizens should even have to possess allegiance - let alone pledge it - to a country they happen to live in, or its flag, which is a political symbol that means different things to different people, and least of all allegiance to a particular system of Government.

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Incidentally, under US law, people can't actually be forced to say the pledge of allegiance.

I still don't see why repeating something non-objectionable is objectionable. It's something people do pretty often, in different contexts: sing the national anthem, most relevantly. Or say the Nicene Creed, the Lord's Prayer or whatever the equivalent is in some other religion (which, obviously, you can't be forced or even encouraged to do by the government in the US, though you can in other countries).

If North Korea did it (for all I know, they do), I'm almost certain it would actually be, "I pledge allegiance to Kim Jong-un." But if they pledged allegiance to the flag of North Korea and similar unobjectionable things, I wouldn't find it creepy or totalitarian, any more than I find the fact they have speed limits on their roads (I assume) creepy and totalitarian.

IMO, there's no reason why private citizens should even have to possess allegiance

You're running contrary to the law of just about every country on earth there. For that matter, you're running contrary to the dictionary definition of "allegiance," which literally means whatever the obligation is that you owe to a government.

If you're denying that people (including non-citizens, sometimes) have any duties to the government, you're either a full-on anarchist or not understanding the question. Among other things, I'm fairly certain that just about every country will do something if you you don't follow its laws, or don't pay your taxes or (in quite a few, at least sometimes) fail to appear for military service when you're drafted.

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I still don't see why repeating something non-objectionable is objectionable. It's something people do pretty often, in different contexts: sing the national anthem, most relevantly. Or say the Nicene Creed, the Lord's Prayer or whatever the equivalent is in some other religion


Outside of school, where are adults (who are not in the service of the state or military) 'encouraged'/peer-pressured into to reciting a pledge allegiance every single day? (As an aside, even if you agree with a pledge, isn't once enough? Why even bother if it never counts a day later anyway?)

It's done in schools, on young impressionable minds, in a repeated, ritualistic way, because it's textbook political indoctrination.

In a free country, that has no place in schools or anywhere else.

If you're denying that people (including non-citizens, sometimes) have any duties to the government, you're either a full-on anarchist or not understanding the question.


Governments have a duty to (serve and carry out the wishes of) the people, not the other way around.

Among other things, I'm fairly certain that just about every country will do something if you you don't follow its laws, or don't pay your taxes or (in quite a few, at least sometimes) fail to appear for military service when you're drafted.


Obeying a country's laws (which in a free country have been decided by the people, not the Government) doesn't mean you endorse or even like the Government or political system of that country, never mind owe any allegiance to it, it just means you agree with the law and/or you don't want to risk being punished for breaking it.

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There's nothing awful about the pledge of allegiance.

It is worth noting, however, that it was not written until the late 19th century. Somehow the founding fathers must have believed it was unnecessary to make that kind of spoken pledge. They assumed that if you were a citizen of the United States, your allegiance would be to your country.

Adding "under God" was an overreaction to communism. Some believed it necessary to make sure we separated "Godless communists" from the "God fearing USA." The problem with that is that we're not a theocracy. (Yes, I'm aware of mentions to "divine providence" and "Nature's God" in the Declaration, etc. That does not make us a theocracy or belief in God would be a requirement of US citizens.) "In God we trust" was not originally on US money either. In the mid 50s, shortly after the addition of "under God" to the pledge, it became mandatory to put "in God we trust" on all US money.

Is this a First Amendment issue? Probably because not everyone believes in God and the founders made it quite clear that the US Government was not going to be involved in religion. Requiring US citizens to swear that the USA is a nation "under God" separates non-believers from believers. We're supposed to be "indivisible."

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You have to do that in 2015, REALLY?
I thought it was a Cold War thing! Poor kids.
That scene was pretty scary.

Please excuse my terrible redaction, english is not my native language

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Well, unfortunately this was a movie of real events coated in Spielberg syrup.

It was also IMHO Hanks' weakest performance for a while. Like he was on autopilot.

Mark Rylance was the standout.

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The movie was set in the late 50s, eatly 60s. Of course this happened.

Less and less today I'd imagine

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All students are required to say the pledge every day in school, at least in public schools and most private schools. But if you don't say the words they don't care took much, although kids that age just do it because they think they are supposed to.

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Students are not required to say the Pledge. And many schools don't do at all. My kids are 20, 23 and 26 and never had to.

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Students are not required to say the Pledge. And many schools don't do at all. My kids are 20, 23 and 26 and never had to.


Well things change. Back in the 1960s when i was in school in the US, you would have been a fool and inviting all kinds of trouble if you didn't go along and say the pledge.

When I was 13, we moved out of the US and went to live in Belgium where I naturally went to school. No pledge of anything in the schools, not even any national flags on the school buildings and certainly not in a classroom. When i told fellow students how things were done in the US, they really didn't believe me because they thought the whole idea utterly ridiculous, outlandish and hilarious ... and since that was in the days long before the Internet, there was no way to convince them I was telling the truth either ... the whole idea was so foreign to them they could not even grasp the concept of patriotic indoctrination in a school.

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I, too, attended elementary school in the 60s, high school class of '76. We said it every day, too, but that was 50 years ago, things change. I'm sure there are things that they do that seem strange to us. Like not spending most of their tax money on the military because there's another country picking up the tab for their defense.

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Jehovah's Witnesses court cases had great impact in making these changes happen

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In the 60's and 70's the few JW's I had in class, stood up but didn't say the pledge of allegiance. The teachers did not ask them to say it. In the mid 80's, a JW told me that they "are not of this world", and I didn't ask any more questions.

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I'm sure there are things that they do that seem strange to us. Like not spending most of their tax money on the military

Yeah, it's really strange to spend money on, say, providing affordable healthcare for your citizens, rather than, say, imperialistically stationing your military in most of the world's countries.

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Imagine all those socialist countries if they had to support an actual military. No more free health care, no more Augusts off, no more months of maternity leave, etc., etc., etc. But, if we down sized our military, where would all those soldiers go? We wouldn't need all the hardware, so what would happen to all the suppliers? And then there'd be the ripple effect from all those layoffs. The military is the biggest welfare program in the country.

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Imagine all those socialist countries if they had to support an actual military.

They don't support military spending at almost the same level as every other country on the planet combined because they're not completely insane, and don't go around the world unnecessarily creating new enemies.

But, if we down sized our military, where would all those soldiers go? We wouldn't need all the hardware, so what would happen to all the suppliers? And then there'd be the ripple effect from all those layoffs. The military is the biggest welfare program in the country.

What do you think happened in combatant countries after WWII?

Britain alone demobilized 4.3 million service personnel. That's 10% of its entire population at the time; the equivalent of around 35 million Americans today. To put that in perspective, the number of current active personnel in the US armed forces is a 1.3 million.

At the same time, bankrupt and flattened by six years of Nazi bombing, the UK still managed to build a world renowned welfare state, providing a universal healthcare system, free education as well as massive housing and rebuilding programmes.

So it's really strange that the richest country in the world isn't capable of doing it.

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And how did the UK do it? With lots and lots of money and aid from the US. Just like during the war. It took them 50 years to pay off all the loans.


But how many of those 4.3 million were in the service before the war? Most of the soldiers of WWII were something other than a soldier before the war, so they most likely returned to their old jobs or one of the many jobs created to rebuild the country. The vast majority of the current US military has been nothing but a soldier.

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And how did the UK do it? With lots and lots of money and aid from the US. Just like during the war. It took them 50 years to pay off all the loans.

Ah yes, the commonplace American delusion about "aid". You didn't aid the UK, you aided yourselves by cynically and callously taking advantage of the UK standing up for freedom, alone (while American companies supported the Nazis), to screw it out of its gold reserves, technology and bases around the world (when you thought Hitler would win, and the UK wouldn't be able to repay a loan) and then (as even you admit) you charitably burdened the UK with a debt so monumental it took half a century to repay.

It's incredible to see Americans delude themselves that they're "aiding" other countries, with massive strings or repayments attached, and wonder why everyone isn't grateful for your 'charity'.

But how many of those 4.3 million were in the service before the war? Most of the soldiers of WWII were something other than a soldier before the war, so they most likely returned to their old jobs or one of the many jobs created to rebuild the country. The vast majority of the current US military has been nothing but a soldier.

Whose fault is that, if you're really such a *beep* up country that you can't provide enough civilian job training or education, and the only option for many Americans is the army? No country is making you spend almost as much on the military as the entire rest of the world put together, 25 years after your one and only serious opponent disappeared.

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I realize you expect free stuff, but you really expected the US to just give you all that money, machinery, materials and food for nothing? We were also supplying the Soviets, as well as taking on the Japanes pretty much all by ourselves after the Brits got their arse handed to them. And tell us, why should the US have gotten in the middle of yet another European piśśing match? Every 20 years there seemed to be another one. I love how someone getting the snot beat out of them complains about the one who bailed them out. If your grandparents are still around, ask them what it was like before the Yanks came over. I know, because my wife's family had relations over there and I've read the letters they sent. Instead of complaining, you should get on your knees, like the country was in '42, and thank whatever god you pray to that the US got involved, otherwise you'd be speaking German, at best, but probably Russian. Oh, and you're welcome for protecting you during the Cold War, too.
And we spend that much on ouf militery because the world expects us to be world's cop. Oh, they hate us, all right, right up until they get punched in the nose, then they complain we didn't get there soon enough. So you can take you righteous indignation and the socialist programs the US military's presence affords you and bloody well sod off. Cheers!

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LOL Normally I'd expect this level of stupidity to be a troll, but it's widely known some Americans really are this delusional. I don't blame you though, you are simply victims of your notoriously atrocious 'education' system and non-stop propaganda. It's sad that only after getting online do Americans begin to realise the indoctrination they suffer from, and how the whole world has been laughing at your stupendous ignorance for 200 years.

but you really expected the US to just give you all that money, machinery, materials and food for nothing?


No, what I expect is Americans to STFU about it being "aid" or a "bailout", when it was an entirely self-serving exploitation of a country fighting for freedom alone, while the USA, droning on about 'freedom' and 'bravery', sat on its morbidly obese cowardly ass for years, while supporting the Nazis via the likes of Standard Oil, Ford, General Motors and IBM.

Instead of complaining, you should get on your knees, like the country was in '42, and thank whatever god you pray to that the US got involved


You know what it was like in the UK in 1942, because even with less than one year left of the war in Europe you were still sitting on your fat lardy cowardly asses in the UK avoiding the fighting. The war in Europe was already over before Pearl Harbour (closer to Tokyo than Washington DC, but you seem to think you have more right to it than Japan) forced you lily livered pansies into the war, because Hitler had already signed his suicide note by attacking the USSR.

Even after being attacked by Japan, you were still too gutless to declare war on Hitler. Hitler had to declare war on you, to drag you yellow bellied nancy boys crying and screaming into Europe.

You spent a longer time fighting a war to retain slavery than you spent fighting the Nazis. What a disgrace.

The Soviet Union saved Europe's zhopa in WWII, and everyone knows it. The Soviet Union which destroyed about 80% of the German war machine single handedly, while the USA did virtually nothing in Europe but piśs its pants and profiteer.

otherwise you'd be speaking German, at best, but probably Russian.


I realise you've spent two centuries doing your best to mangle it, but what language do you think you're speaking now? American? Without Britain you would not even exist. You're not even a real country, you're a five-minute old European settlement of batshĂ­t insane puritan loons and racists, with zero history, culture or language of your own.

Your language is stolen from the UK, your national anthem is stolen from the UK (the Anacreontic Song), your previous unofficial national anthem "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" is stolen from the UK (God Save the Queen), your legal system is stolen from the UK, your flag is stolen from the UK (the British East India Company flag), your Capitol buildings are stolen from the UK (St Paul's Cathedral), even your Bill of Rights is stolen from the UK (from the English Bill of Rights, 100 years earlier).

So much for "Independence". Too morbidly obese, lazy and stupid to come up with anything original of your own.

And we spend that much on ouf militery because the world expects us to be world's cop


You spend that much on your military because you're not a country but a life support system for the military industrial complex. And the unfortunate thing about you being the world's cop is that you're a US style cop - a racist, violent, homicidal, bullying psychopath.

So you can take you righteous indignation and the socialist programs the US military's presence affords you


LOL The US military is there to provide socialism around the world. Just when you think Americans can't get any more nutzoid...

Adios, Amigo (to use what will be the major language of the USA in a few years time)

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ah no dummy.

pretty soon you retarded english twats will be reciting the isis pledge of allegiance and yelling allahu akbar as you decapitate one another, but you are an unaware, apathetic communist putz so i bet you won't mind.

Americans will be fighting. english had already ceded control of their government, values, way of life long ago to the islamic vermin so that's why your women and girls are raped left and right.

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pretty soon you retarded english twats will be reciting the isis pledge of allegiance and yelling allahu akbar as you decapitate one another

The only reason ISIS even exists is because the USA has supported, funded and armed Islamic fundamentalist terrorists for almost half a century.

Just as you armed and supported the future 9/11 hijackers in Afghanistan, ISIS is armed and supported by the USA in Syria today; while Assad and Putin bomb the *beep* out of them,

but you are an unaware, apathetic communist putz so i bet you won't mind. Americans will be fighting

LOL The only fighting you pansies have ever done is fighting to ensure the survival and spread of Saudi Arabian Wahhabi terrorism. Even after Saudi hijackers carried out 9/11 the USA continues to be Saudi Arabia's pathetic bitch, kissing fat, hairy Saudi ass for oil and going after Saudi Arabia's opponents, like Iran and Syria.

Communists were the very people fighting against Islamic fundamentalism from the start, opposed every step of the way by the cowardly USA bankrolling, arming and even dedicating Rambo movies to Osama Bin Laden and the Taliban.

If you had any shame you'd STFU about it, but you're so brainwashed by Government propaganda in the US you don't even have a clue what you're talking about.

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Good to hear. It was just a waste of time. Kids don't know what it means and even if they did, they will not be in a position in which it would be relevant.

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A lot better than the manipulation and brain washing that happens now days.

Sometimes a movie or tv show plot is so stupid that only the stupid can understand it.

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Don't Americans get that the god bit is against their founding principles?

I take it Donald Trump did this every day at school but phoned in sick for Vietnam?

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I'm not American but would guess that at the time the constitution was written everyone was a member of some form of religion and they never thought twice about swearing an oath to God.

Possibly a matter of perception but they probably saw it as a way to unify people. Something that happens no matter what really, you can unify people with anything, good or bad.

If Trump was born wealthy he was never at risk of being sent to war anyway, it doesn't surprise me that he dodged it. No matter what system you have there will always be people who contradict it and are hypocrites.

Sometimes a movie or tv show plot is so stupid that only the stupid can understand it.

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I don't claim to be an expert on the American constitution but I think it mentions there being no state religion,it was meant to be about religious freedom so there should have been no mention of god.
I think the pledge of allegiance is quite a modern thing anyway?

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The pledge itself started around 1887, they added under God in 1948 so fairly recent.

I guess the thing is with "Under God" they don't stipulate which God or which religion so it still fits in a round about way of religious freedom but it makes no allowance for non believers.

Some interesting information here https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pledge_of_Allegiance#Addition_of_.22under_God.22

Sometimes a movie or tv show plot is so stupid that only the stupid can understand it.

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The phrase, "under god" was added to the Pledge in 1954.

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Don't Americans get that the god bit is against their founding principles?

Well, God is mentioned in the first sentence of Declaration of Independence....

FWIW, my understanding of what motivated the addition of the phrase - in the early '50s - was to distinguish the US from the Soviet Union, which had an established non-religion. Also, Lincoln said it in the Gettysburg Address, for whatever that's worth.

I don't know whether it would pass muster if people tried to add it to the Pledge of Allegiance nowadays. Of course, it's quite possible nobody would even care, since I don't think the Pledge is said very often anyway.

As already mentioned, it just says "under God," and doesn't say whose god, or how one is supposed to relate to him. It's pretty clearly not antithetical to any variation of Christianity, Judaism or Islam, among others. One might argue:

- It's an "establishment of religion," contrary to the First Amendment. But I think it's pretty clear that what was intended to be proscribed was making a particular church (like the Episcopal, or Presbyterian) the established religion (as is the case in many other countries), and prohibiting the "free exercise" of Catholicism or Quakerism or Judaism or what-have you. The two-word phrase is a long, long way away from that.

- It interferes with the practice of polytheism. Fair point, I suppose. So just let them slide an "s" in there without anyone noticing. I suppose it would have been technically better if it read, "One nation under one or more god or gods."

- It interferes with the practice of religions that acknowledge the existence of a god, but don't recognize his (or her) supremacy. Maybe that describes some Satanists, though my impression is that the religious (i.e. non-atheistic) Satanists consider Satan a god, so they could just figure that's who they're talking about.

- It would interfere with the practice of a religion which places the institution of the United States Government on a spiritual level. Say, for example, a religion whose central principle is that the President and Congress have divine authority that is not "under" any other god. The language of the Pledge would be flatly contrary to such a religion's principles, though that problem is ameliorated by the fact that - so far as I know - no such religion exists (though are a few oddballs floating around who lean a little bit that way.

- It interferes with atheism. But atheism isn't a religion, so its "free exercise" (whatever that even is) isn't protected. Actually - though - this argument is one that would likely fly in the right court nowadays, as a result of some decisions made after the words were added. In particular, Wallace v. Jaffree:
At one time it was thought that this right merely proscribed the preference of one Christian sect over another, but would not require equal respect for the conscience of the infidel, the atheist, or the adherent of a non-Christian faith such as Islam or Judaism. But when the underlying principle has been examined in the crucible of litigation, the Court has unambiguously concluded that the individual freedom of conscience protected by the First Amendment embraces the right to select any religious faith or none at all.

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I'm not sure what's so "brainwashy" about it. After all, it was originally written by a guy who was a socialist.

Citizens of a country are generally expected to acknowledge that they have an allegiance to it. The key element of the US Pledge - intended to draw a distinction with other countries - is that the allegiance isn't owed to a monarch, but to a symbol (the flag) and an abstract system of government (the republic for which the flag stands).

In order to become a naturalized British citizen, one is required to swear: "I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth, her heirs and successors, according to law. So help me God."

Other miscellany that made it into the US Pledge of Allegiance:

- The "Under God" part. As discussed elsewhere, it probably wouldn't pass muster if someone figured out a way to get it in front of a court.

- "One nation ... indivisible," was clearly intended to contradict the principles espoused by the Confederacy.

- "With liberty and justice for all." I don't read that as a self-congratulatory statement of fact, but as a proscriptive statement of purpose. In other words, the pledge is reminding the people that the government is supposed to ensure liberty and justice for all. Again, it could be read as a slap in the face to the Confederacy. Basically, it's a very abbreviated version of the 14th Amendment.

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Citizens of a country are generally expected to acknowledge that they have an allegiance to it

No they're not, as far as I'm aware the US is the only country were kids swear allegiance. Citizens of other countries only do it when they're either the president/prime minister or joining the military.

to become a naturalized British citizen, one is required to swear:

Not the same is it, a foreign citizen saying it once at a private ceremony for getting british citizenship is not the same as american children who are already citizens saying it daily at SCHOOL.

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Non-naturalized British citizens do owe a duty of allegiance. The concept of allegiance is kind of basic to the notion of citizenship. Indeed, historically British law at one time (a fairly a long time ago, admittedly) provided that it was impossible to renounce allegiance. The last time the US and Britain fought a war (which, obviously, was even longer ago), that was one of the things that was at issue.

Not the same

Yes, exactly ... in a way that you don't even seem to have noticed: British citizens (whether naturalized or born, at least until they take action to give up their citizenship) owe a duty of allegiance to the Queen. Americans to a symbol and a system and set of principles.

The difference - at least in the modern world, in which it's highly unlikely (to say the least) that Queen Elizabeth is going to charge off and start doing things on her personal whim - may be more a matter of emphasis and symbolism. As, I suppose, is the notion that if you are allowed to be blissfully ignorant of the fact that, as a citizen, you owe a duty of allegiance that somehow makes you better off.

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Non-naturalized British citizens do owe a duty of allegiance.


It's unfortunate that people wishing to become British citizens are forced to mindlessly recite a few words, but as with other countries where this silly pantomime occurs, it's simply the state getting its totalitarian jollies any way it can. The hassle and expense of changing nationality should be enough of a clue where someone's allegiance lies.

The concept of allegiance is kind of basic to the notion of citizenship.


Citizenship is not a "notion". It's a real, actual, legal thing, provided to most people at birth, providing legal rights and/or protections. Allegiance as discussed here is nothing but a concept of subservience to the State.

British citizens owe a duty of allegiance to the Queen.


Do they actually teach this garbage in American schools? For British born people the issue of 'allegiance' does not even arise. Most people don't even think of it, let alone pledge it.

The only thing anyone should have allegiance to is the people of the country, not any representation of the state, the role of which is to represent and serve the interests of the people, not be the master.

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i think you better look around you in the uk. i believe muslim fascists are raping your women, pushing around your citizens, outwardly expressing overthrow of your gov't, just recently one of your muslim fascist mayors say that their city's transit authority are full of white men and he wants to change it.. your country's plate is full my friend for you to be getting hung up on the US Pledge of Allegiance.

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The US may be a capitalist and democratic (really it's an oligarchy masquerading as a republic) market and government, but as a Canadian, who has more access to American news, media, and entertainment than Canadian content, I can tell you the USA has always been fascist in nature. Propaganda runs rampant, with pledges of allegiance, to seeing more American flags in one hour on US soil than I've seen Canadian flags in my whole life, to their propaganda machines that run the media, and their mantra that the USA is the best country in the world. As a Canadian when I read or watch the news about financial or political policies in my country, it's my biggest fear that we become more like the US; it's a terrifying prospect to see things slowly shifting towards US practices.

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what is it about this movie that has brought out all the united states haters.as a Canadian navy vet I served during the cold war,if it wasn't for the us we would all be speaking Russian and not have any rights, and living in fear,its because of the west standing up to the ussr that you enjoy the right to bitch about the states.until you put on a uniform and stand up for the rights of people everywhere your just a posser and you are talking out of your ass.give it a rest,

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I am not a US hater,but many here are.
I am British,and it is easy to be anti American without thinking about it due to the widely reported negative things about America,the gap between the rhetoric and the reality,the racism,the gun culture,Donald Trump....

But the ideal of America is a noble ideal and in real terms half of these US haters would move there to live if they had the chance.

But saying all this does not mean we are not allowed to be critical of our friend.
I like the US and I like this film but of course the USA was not perfect then or now,there were black GIs in the US army in Berlin,standing up for freedom but when they got home????

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