Because he knew the Jews that wanted him dead, didn´t even uphold the law themselves, were hypocrites and indeed exposed them as such. The whole point of the OT is to show that none of us are righteous before God since everyone of us broke the law and that as sinners, we need Christ´s blood as an atonement for our sins. Furthermore, "an eye for an eye" was a principle for lawgivers and judges to follow, to punish people for crimes, it was never meant to be applied as some form of vigilante justice. Jesus does not reject the 10 commandments of the OT, he simply raises the stakes. Do not commit adultery becomes, if you look at a woman with lust you have committed adultery with her in your heart etc.
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