Apart from the trousers, stirrups, married women in public with their hair uncovered and other elements already mentioned:
Legionaries in Jerusalem - Pontius Pilatus was an equestrian acting as prefectus and ruling Judea and Samaria as a subordinate to the leguats pro praetore or governor of Syria. Only patricians were of sufficient rank to command legions - Pilatus and the other prefects and, later, procurators of Judea had auxlia under their command, not legions. Yet the soldiers in the movie are all clearly legionaries, wearing styles of helmet and segmented armour only worn by the heavy infantry of the legions.
Beards on Romans - Facial hair, especially beards, was considered decadent and foreign by Romans in this period. Facial hair only became popular in the second century AD after the emperor Hadrian wore a Greek-style beard, allegedly to cover warts on his face. Yet Messala, Pilate and most of the Romans in the movie are bearded in a story set from c. 28-33 AD.
Hollywood Bracers on Romans - There seems to be a rule that Hollywood can't make a movie about Romans without all or almost all of them wearing bracers on their forearms. Why this is I have no idea, given that we have no evidence of any Romans wearing these things. Even HBO's Rome, which at least made some effort when it came to accuracy (kind of) does this.
Wolfskin Cape on Pilate - Again, there is no evidence of Roman soldiers wearing furred cloaks into battle, but at least when Maximus does it in Gladiator it made some sense, considering he was in battle in Germania in winter. Why Pilate does it in Judea in what looked a hell of a lot like a stinking hot day I have no idea. I can only assume it was because he thought Maximus looked cool in Gladiator. Or perhaps it's now because a "Roman" thing in Hollywood, like forearm bracers.
Jesus of ... Judea? - While the gospels certainly can't be taken at anything like face value on anything much (sorry Christians), it's quite clear that Jesus and most of his followers were Galileans. And he is consistently depicted as spending almost all of his career in Galilee - well to the north of Judea and not under the direct control of the Romans: Galilee was ruled by the client king Herod Antipas. The Gospel of John depicts him visiting Jerusalem three times for festivals, with the final visit ending his execution. The other three gospels depict him visiting just once - at Passover in the days just before his death. Yet the movie has him as a resident in Jerusalem, working there as a carpenter.
The Amazing Floating Voyage of Judah - We are told the sea battle against "the Greek rebels" (though what rebellion this was I have no idea) was in the Ionian Sea. This is the sea between the bottom of the "boot" of Italy and the west coasts of Greece. Somehow Judah climbs on to a mast after the battle and, without food or water, manages to float all the way from there to somewhere on the coast of Judea. That's about 9,000 kms.
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