He just saw Doc shot by the terrorists, like a few hours ago from his own perspective, so he feels relieved when he sees him alive. He came back thirty years in the past, but for Marty, it doesn't matter because what he witnessed happened very recently from his own point of view.
That's a great line, now that I think about it, because it really shows what time travel does to your perception of time.
In spite of what the newspaper told him, and Doc's story about the date he invented time travel; I would wonder if, maybe as a result of the shock and disorientation of time travel, Marty was just not sure of Doc was alive yet at a that point in time. I mean, any reasonable person would know that Doc wasn't 30 years old in 1985, but younger people tend to have a skewed sense of what's old and any real appreciation for the passage of time. Anything outside their personal frame of reference of time - that is, anything older than them - is increasingly harder to comprehend. So 30 years in the past might as well be 70. I think few people understand the difference until reach those landmarks, where things are 20 or 25 years in their past; then there's a huge difference.
"I'm in it for the power and the free robes." - Harry Stone
Yeah, Marty didn't mean Doc HAD DIED, and is thus NO LONGER alive.
Marty obviously meant Doc had ALREADY BEEN BORN, so he's 'alive' instead of being 'pre-alive' or in a 'pre-birth' state (roaming free somewhere in the astral plane until incarnation time).
Also, this is a new situation to Marty, he doesn't know all the variables; for all HE knows, he's in another dimension or parallel timeline where Doc had died in a war or whatnot, so to get the confirmation that he is alive is a relief.
Think of all the nightmares YOUR imagination would conjure in such a completely alien, new situation - you can't be sure of anything before you confirm it somehow!
I recently caught that too! Lol! It's obvious he'd be alive otherwise, he wouldn't have built the time machine for Marty to have wound up in 1955. Not to mention like you said, he's been friends with the Doc so yeah, he would have been friends with a zombie.
In spite of what the newspaper told him, and Doc's story about the date he invented time travel; I would wonder if, maybe as a result of the shock and disorientation of time travel, Marty was just not sure of Doc was alive yet at a that point in time. I mean, any reasonable person would know that Doc wasn't 30 years old in 1985, but younger people tend to have a skewed sense of what's old and any real appreciation for the passage of time. Anything outside their personal frame of reference of time - that is, anything older than them - is increasingly harder to comprehend. So 30 years in the past might as well be 70. I think few people understand the difference until reach those landmarks, where things are 20 or 25 years in their past; then there's a huge difference.
The user above wrote this. You'd know if you actually read it instead of skipping head with your comment.
Because he's dazed and confused. He knows Doc invented time travel but he still questions been in 1955 for a while too. From the moment he goes back in time to the point where he leaves Lorraine's house and goes to see Doc, he never really seems to fully grasp the reality of the situation.
Up until then he always seems to go back and forth between accepting it and thinking he's dreaming, even after he has seen the date on the newspaper.
I'd say, discovering your friend has invented time travel, then witnessing him being murdered by terrorists, then being nearly killed by them yourself, then instantly appearing in a field from a parking lot, then being shot at by a farmer, then realizing you're in the 50's, then bumping into your teenage parents, is quite a bit to take in for anyone, let alone a teenager, within the space of just a few hours.
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Well, remember that before he time traveled, Doc was killed by the Libyans. I think he was just happy to see his name in the phone book and that he was alive. Maybe it seems a little silly to say, but it was a reaction to what Marty had just been through.