IMHO, I think Brando did a fine job as did most of the cast. I also think that Montgomery Clift was wonderful in a very understated role. The movie does a good job at following the themes of the book, which even when you know the story is well worth the read. There are three very distinct differences (and may lesser ones) in the story line. Firstly, Brando's character, Christian has a very different experience throughout the war. His character at first is quite similar, but throughout the hardships he slowly looses his sense of humanity and turns into a more unhumane and uncompassionate person. His ending in the film is also somewhat different and sadly ironic. He is in no way a "Christ" figure, but more likely a decent person who is destroyed by war and the awful world created by the Nazi's. This change in character was largely due to Brando who felt that it was important to show a more human side of the character. The author, Irwin Shaw, who collaborated on the screenplay, must have gone along with it to one extent or another as this was what was put in the story. Important to remember that the book came out shortly after WW2 ended and the movie was about 12 years after the war. No doubt adding to the willingness to soften the character of Christian.
The main character of the book is actually Michael Whitaker, the Dean Martin character. He is in essence more like an everyman in between the Nazi Christian and the American Jewish soldier Noah. Noah and Christian stories revolve more around Michael's than as was done in the film. No doubt this was in part due to the fact that the stars of the film were the main attraction and it was easier in terms of the film to focus on the drama of the other two characters. The original choice of Tony Randell was probably more accurate to the book. In the book he is a Briadway stage manager not a Broadway muscial star. Don't get me wrong Dean Martin did a very good job and held his own.
The other main difference is in the ending of the book and some of the characters. I won't say what as if you are ever going to read the book, it will come as a surprize.
The book is long, but well worth reading and most bittersweet. Irwin Shaw is an oft-forgotten playwright and writer.
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