I realize that this post is three years old, but I just have to jump in here.
*Anno* is the ablative form of the word *annus,* a second declension Latin noun meaning "year." The fact that it is in the ablative form indicates that it is to be translated as "in the year." *Domini* is the genitive form of the word *dominus,* another second declension Latin noun which means "lord" or "master." The fact that it is in the genitive form (and capitalized) indicates that it is to be translated as "of the Lord." Thus, the proper translation of *Anno Domini* is *in the year of the Lord.*
You are correct in the fact that there is no J in Hebrew, but there was also no CH in Greek either. Both the J and the CH came when the New Testament (which was written, for the most part, in Greek) was translated into Latin, which in its classical form had no Y or K. Jesus would have been addressed by his friends and family as Yeshua (or some variation thereof-- the transliterations vary). The Greek spelling of that name would have been something along the lines of Iaesus (again, the transliterations vary).
Christ is a title, not a name, yes, but classical Greek and Latin didn't have articles. The proper translation would actually have been "Jesus (or Iaesus, if you prefer) THE Christ (or Khristos)." The article simply has gotten lost through the years.
And the Greek word *khristos* does not mean "god." It means "annointed one," the same as the word "messiah." The Greek word for god was *theos.*
reply
share