Garip Koyu

That's the town the lady wrote the letter to him from early in the movie asking for help. The significance of the scene you must determine for yourself

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The word 'garip' means 'all alone' or 'weird' which, in my opinion, would be a good descriptor for Aydin, the main character. When he looks at the village from afar, surrounded by nothingness in a vast area, he actually looks at himself and his place in the world, in my opinion.

'Koyu' means village.

However,
The problem with the word 'Garip' is that in Turkish it is understood as various meanings.

Generally, 'Garip' would be interpreted to mean 'strange' or 'awkward' or 'weird', but in the context of the film, I took 'Garip' to mean 'poor' because, well, that particular village was poor and the description is fitting.

Nevertheless, Garip can also mean sad and lonely, but you have to be careful when interpreting Garip in this context (ie. 'sad and lonely') given that the definition used in this context does have an implication of despair.

To literally spell it out for you, I believe what the movie was trying to say, from the 'Garip Koyu' sign alone, was that:

The village has no hope left, and hence, the people of the village are sad and lonely.

The fact that they stopped the car does not mean much. Aydin had his driver stop the vehicle because he immediately remembered the woman who wrote the letter from the Garip Koyu village asking for help. What is more important, however, is the fact that they drove off soon after and when Aydin's driver asked why they stopped Aydin muttered out something along the lines of "it was nothing." What I understood from that scene was that, despite what Aydin had gone through, he was still not convinced to help the poor woman from the village, and ultimately, Aydin seemed to suffer from the same despair, sadness and loneliness as the people of the Garip Koyu village, but for different reasons (Aydin's marriage had broken down whereas the village had limited resources) - sort of gathering a different perspective if you like.

You have to remember though that the movie does not provide a translation of "Garip Koyu" so the meaning of the words are not really that important. You have to pay more attention to Aydin's actions and how he responds when he realizes Garip Koyu is the village where he received the letter from the woman asking for help - I think that despair, sadness and loneliness is a reasonable conclusion regardless.