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I viewed Silence for the second time last night, and I wanted to try and clarify or interpret several points. (Naturally, there will be spoilers.)

1) At the very start of the film (the opening scene), is that Ferreira providing the first-person narration? And the narration states that he had gone undercover as a Christian priest, hence the fact that he could observe the hot-springs torture without being subjected to it himself. So his "undercover" period came before his apostasy, correct? I wonder how he might have been outed ...

2) Are Rodrigues and Garupe, the two priests who journey to Japan, Spanish or Portugese? And does their saga (meeting with Father Valignano and ultimately receiving approval from him to search for Ferreira in Japan) begin in Spain or Portugal?

I ask in part because Valignano tells them (or at least Rodrigues), "A Dutch trader delivered Father Ferreira's letter while you were traveling from Portugal," or something like that, which would suggest that they are in Spain. But then much later on, one of the Japanese characters (perhaps the interpreter, the one who speaks relatively fluent English) refers to "Portugese, your special language," or something like that (even though we never hear Portugese or Spanish spoken in the film, for obvious reasons pertaining to the casting of English-speaking actors).

3) At one point fairly early on, after arriving in Japan, Rodrigues questions the proselytizing mission, asking something like, "We are doing good work, but is it worth it?" because of the persecution that Japanese Christians endure. Are those comments part of a letter that he was sending back to Valignano? And if so, where and when, exactly, does he write it?

4) A little later, an anguished, kneeling Rodrigues questions God, perhaps for the first time, saying something like, "Your silence is crushing. Do you really exist? Or am I praying to nothingness?" Exactly when and where does he make these comments? Does he do so after the Japanese authorities capture him, or a little beforehand when they round up the Japanese Christians?

5) Speaking of that roundup, why did the authorities end up rounding up several of them? Did that happen because a second Japanese Christian would not agree to confess?

6) Who exposed the presence of Rodrigues and Garupe in the first place? Any ideas? Might it have been Kichijiro?

7) This question is more about interpretation or opinion, but do you feel that Kichijiro is a genuine Christian? I would say, "Yes," but he is obviously a dodgy, compromised figure, pretty much from the start.

8) Did anyone else notice that during the ocean-crucifixion scene, the Japanese Christians' hands were not tied that securely? They seemed like they could slip their hands out of those ties, although even then, their feet were tied and the authorities were watching.

9) What was the exact name of Ferreira's book (or work or what have you), written for the inquisitor? "Deceit: Disclosed and Unmasked"?

10) An apostatized Ferreira is working in a Buddhist temple and living under a Japanese name with a Japanese wife and her Japanese children. Has he ostensibly converted to Buddhism himself? Does the film address this matter explicitly, one way or the other?

11) Ferreira talks about how the Japanese Christians' faith represents not an actual faith in Jesus Christ, but a distortion based on their own animist beliefs. Was he saying that they interpreted the "son of God" (Jesus) to mean the "sun," or that their God was the sun (in that case, who was the son of God, or the son of the sun, so to speak), or is it all the same? And does anyone know how historically accurate Ferreira's interpretation happens to be in terms of the experiences of Japanese Christians? And given the presence of Buddhism, how is Ferreira able to dismiss the Japanese people's intellectual ability to grasp theology beyond nature? Or is he just that bitter and jaded due to his forced apostasy and the stripping of his Christian identity?

12) As the film reveals in flashbacks, the Japanese authorities had lowered Ferreira into the pit. Therefore, was his apostasy a matter of simply saving himself or also saving others? In his spiel to Rodrigues when the latter is facing his moment of truth, Ferreira seems to imply that he had acted in large part to save Japanese Christians (and that Rodrigues should thus do the same), but I am not sure if he is making that implication or, if so, whether one should believe him.

My second screening basically confirmed my first: I feel that Silence is a "good" film—not a "great" one, but rewarding, quietly powerful, and haunting. Paradoxically, most of the movie is vaguely mesmerizing without being gripping. Similarly, the film is quite intellectual in its approach—too intellectual, I would say—yet it creates a dream-like effect where (at least in my case) the viewer remembers bits and fragments and organizing principles yet often forgets certain details and the exact sequencing of certain speeches or events. I suppose that that is why, even after two viewings, I still retain a lot of questions.

Of course, the other reason would be that Silence retains some ambiguities.

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Okay. Lots of questions, but here we go! (note: I've abbreviated your questions to shorten the length of the post)

1) In the opening scene, is that Ferreira providing the narration? It states that he had gone undercover as a Christian priest, so his "undercover" period came before his apostasy, correct?

Yes, that is Ferreira narrating. And, yes, this is before his apostasy. I took it to be the long road of torture that the Inquisitor had set out for him, much as he did for Rodrigues later.

2) Are Rodrigues and Garupe, Spanish or Portuguese? And does their saga begin in Spain or Portugal?

Rodrigues and Garupe were Portuguese. I don't think they ever say one way or the other where the scene takes place. Spain seems like the best guess. The only other option would be Italy.

3) At one point fairly early on, Rodrigues questions the proselytizing mission, asking something like, "We are doing good work, but is it worth it?" Are those comments part of a letter that he was sending back to Valignano? And if so, where and when, exactly, does he write it?

I believe that Rodrigues' narrations were entirely excerpts from his reports to Valignano. I've only seen it the once and would have to see again to be sure, but I think all narration was intended to be excerpts from supposed historical documents. As far as where and when, he brought a few things with him. When the Japanese soldiers dump his belongings out by the stream, I believe we see a pen and objects in which writing paper could be kept. In the beginning of the movie, it is mentioned that Farreiro's letters took years to reach Valignano, so whether or not Rodrigues' was ever able to get the letters sent is another question.

4) A little later, an anguished, kneeling Rodrigues questions God, perhaps for the first time, saying something like, "Your silence is crushing. Do you really exist? Or am I praying to nothingness?" Exactly when and where does he make these comments? Does he do so after the Japanese authorities capture him, or a little beforehand when they round up the Japanese Christians?

My recollection is that this scene occurs when he is laying by that large rock in the mountains of Goto right after the Christians are drowned on crosses, but before he is betrayed by the stream.

5) Why did the authorities end up rounding up several of them? Did that happen because a second Japanese Christian would not agree to confess?

If you are referring to what happens at the first village, they were taking further measures to stamp out Christianity. Once they found one Christian, they knew there would be more. It was a display of power intended to put fear into the Christians.

6) Who exposed the presence of Rodrigues and Garupe in the first place?

We didn't ever find out. While it's easy to believe there are several who may have, it's not a stretch of the imagination to think it could very likely have been Kichijiro.

7) Do you feel that Kichijiro is a genuine Christian?

I do. I think the purpose of his character is to help Rodrigues realize that even this wretched man who has done horrible things out of cowardice is worthy of Jesus' love and grace. He is clearly not deserving, but no one is.

8) Did anyone else notice that during the ocean-crucifixion scene, the Japanese Christians' hands were not tied that securely?

They were tied more tightly at the beginning. The ocean loosened them. Even so, they were in no condition to escape, and the authorities knew that. There was no reason to fasten them as tightly as possible. In fact, it probably would have made the torture more difficult to endure as you would have to stay up based on your own strength rather than letting the rope hold you.

9) What was the exact name of Ferreira's book written for the inquisitor?

It was a single Japanese word that translated to deceit, disclosed, or unmasked. Unfortunately, I don't speak Japanese only remember that the word started with a K (or, it would, were it written using the English alphabet).

10) An apostatized Ferreira is working in a Buddhist temple and living under a Japanese name with a Japanese wife and her Japanese children. Has he ostensibly converted to Buddhism himself? Does the film address this matter explicitly, one way or the other?

I don't believe Ferreira or Rodrigues ever truly abandoned their faith. They went through the actions of apostatizing and living as Buddhist in order to save the lives of those who's souls they valued so dearly. They had planted the seeds of Christianity and had to believe that God would do His work in the Japanese from there. It was the ultimate display of faith, in my mind: denying yourself in order to let God work in ways you cannot see.

11) Was Farreira saying that the Japanese interpreted the "son of God" (Jesus) to mean the "sun," or that their God was the sun (in that case, who was the son of God, or the son of the sun, so to speak), or is it all the same? And does anyone know how historically accurate Ferreira's interpretation happens to be in terms of the experiences of Japanese Christians? And given the presence of Buddhism, how is Ferreira able to dismiss the Japanese people's intellectual ability to grasp theology beyond nature? Or is he just that bitter and jaded due to his forced apostasy and the stripping of his Christian identity?

I personally believe that Ferreira was simply saying what the Inquisitor wanted to hear. He made up something about "son of God" being mistranslated as "sun of God" (because it rises every day as opposed to on the third day as in the Bible). I don't think Ferreira actually believed what he was saying in this instance, so it does nothing to discredit the intellectual ability of the Japanese (except maybe the Inquisitor who believed Ferreira's theory).

12) As the film reveals in flashbacks, the Japanese authorities had lowered Ferreira into the pit. Therefore, was his apostasy a matter of simply saving himself or also saving others?

I believe that it was in the pit that Ferreira realized that the Inquisitor/Anti-Christian Japanese will not stop torturing Christians who openly oppose them and that he needed to let go of his pride. There is a theme about the pride of Westerners causing them to not understand the Japanese culture and I think that is a large part of both Ferreira's and Rodrigues' spiritual awakenings. They DID have a pride about their religion and this was getting other people killed. They had to humble themselves and take actions that they previously would be too proud to take in order to save the Christians in Japan.

Hope that helps answer your questions in a way that makes sense. I thought this movie was incredibly profound and warrants deeper conversation.

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These are excellent answers.

I will add to question 11's answer:

We can't know for certain what Ferriera was thinking, or what he really believed, but Neeson's performance in the scene seems to be of a pained and conflicted man. I agree that Ferriera probably was just giving reasons in the hope that Rodriguez would apostatise and stop the suffering.

To me, the point of this is to show that belief is very deep and that God is bigger than limitations imposed on Him by mortal men. Rodriguez' faux-apostasy only happens because he is convinced that he is not actually betraying God, but rather sacrificing himself and his pride for God's purposes. Likewise, God simply being an image - a sun in the sky or a plaque on the ground - is irrelevant compared to the devotee's faith.

Now, I would also say that it would be easily refuted that the Christians of Japan wouldn't have, at least by the time of the film, know that Christ was not the sun floating over them. How? The images they are forced to step on. If you were a believer and you thought you were worshiping the sun in the sky, you'd have a question or two when a priest whipped out a crucifix and said, "That's Jesus right there." You'd be thinking, "Hang on...I thought that was Jesus up in the sky?" and you'd certainly ask about it.

So, maybe there was an initial mix-up, but it would neither have affected the faith of the Japanese Christians nor would it have lasted long in any case.

As to the historical nature, I don't know. I'm not familiar with the stories of evangelism in feudal Japan.

Regarding question 12:

I think Ferriera might have been far more despairing and self-interested at his moment of apostasy than Rodriguez was. I think Ferriera was maybe a little more about saving his own neck, and I'm partly going on his being by himself in that pit, and partly going on Neeson's pained performance when he finally meets Rodriguez.

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To further elaborate on my answer to 11: (I apologize for blacking out everything with the "spoiler" setting, but I'm a bit...shall we say, "overly concerned", with the possibility of spoiling things for anyone else...)

If you notice in the scene when Ferreira is explaining his son/sun theory, he is INCREDIBLY careful with his words. He always avoids downright denying Christianity and I believe that you can see in his eyes a pleading for Rodrigues to understand. The only time he says anything seemingly against Christianity is when he's explaining his theories as to why Christianity doesn't work in Japan. Even then, it was only at the interpreter's prompting that he even mentions these things. The only time we see him slip in his language is when he says, "our God" at the end of the film.

While I believe his reasons for apostatizing were extremely complicated (you made a good point about his apostation being more despairing than Rodrigues'), I don't think he ever gave up his faith so much as allowed himself to become a martyr. "Greater love has no one than this, than to lay down one's life for his friends." doesn't necessarily have to be translated as dying. We see this love shown physically by Garupe, but Ferreira and Rodrigues gave up their lives of religious action in order to save the lives of an unknown number of Japanese people.

I believe this goes back to the idea of Western pride. It was only in giving up everything they held dear that these men were truly able to reflect the teachings of Jesus.

I also think this film was about not judging a person by their actions because only God can know their hearts, but that's not really related to the question...

Your comment on the religious imagery is spot on, by the way.

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Your black ops-style obfuscating of spoilers doesn't bug me. I wasn't doing it myself because the OP didn't, and I figured anybody reading this thread would have already been exposed.

I don't think Ferreira ever gave up, or permanently gave up, on religion. I think at his moment where he gives in, I think he feels more shame than Rodriguez, though, and I think it might have taken him longer to forgive himself and reclaim his relationship with God.

You're totally dead-on about his use of language and the "our God" slip-up. There is so much about this film which is artfully done to give audiences great insight into each character's mind without ever literally saying it. Even the voice-overs, which are ostensibly point-blank statements of feeling, have massive subtexts beneath them.

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Sounds like we're seeing pretty eye to eye on the film. *happy dance*

https://38.media.tumblr.com/7452ba620b1cd3b693466029ad07c8a8/tumblr_inline_o01s3ts17A1txqxsz_500.gif

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If you think it's brilliant and one of Scorsese's best, then, yes, we are certainly eye-to-eye here.

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... appreciate these responses. I will take some time to go through them and then respond, probably tomorrow.

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If you notice in the scene when Ferreira is explaining his son/sun theory, he is INCREDIBLY careful with his words. He always avoids downright denying Christianity and I believe that you can see in his eyes a pleading for Rodrigues to understand. The only time he says anything seemingly against Christianity is when he's explaining his theories as to why Christianity doesn't work in Japan. Even then, it was only at the interpreter's prompting that he even mentions these things. The only time we see him slip in his language is when he says, "our God" at the end of the film.


He definitely adopts a pleading tone there—good point. I guess that the question is whether he is pleading for Rodrigues to just adopt the position in order to save himself and the Japanese Christians or whether he is also pleading with him to shake off his inculcated religious naivete and 'get with it' or 'live in the real world.'

Where exactly does Ferreira refer to "our God," and in what context?

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He definitely adopts a pleading tone there—good point. I guess that the question is whether he is pleading for Rodrigues to just adopt the position in order to save himself and the Japanese Christians or whether he is also pleading with him to shake off his inculcated religious naivete and 'get with it' or 'live in the real world.'


I believe it's a bit of both. I'd say it stems from his desire for Rodrigues to stop suffering - both physically/psychologically at the hands of the inquisitor and emotionally in his believing Ferreira has betrayed him and their religion.

Where exactly does Ferreira refer to "our God," and in what context?


This is from the final scene between Rodrigues and Ferreira, when they are determining whether or not items being brought into the country are Christian. I forget the exact context of the line, but he refers to "our God" instead of "their God" when discussing the Christians. Rodrigues catches it, but when he asks Ferreira about it, he says something like, "You must be mistaken." Rodrigues then smiles a bit and says, "I guess so." Right after this, Ferreira walks off and fades away for the bit of narration regarding his eventual death. (All dialogue is paraphrased. My memory isn't THAT good :P)

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To me, the point of this is to show that belief is very deep and that God is bigger than limitations imposed on Him by mortal men. Rodriguez' faux-apostasy only happens because he is convinced that he is not actually betraying God, but rather sacrificing himself and his pride for God's purposes. Likewise, God simply being an image - a sun in the sky or a plaque on the ground - is irrelevant compared to the devotee's faith.


... well-stated, and I certainly concur in terms of Rodrigues. Indeed, the voice of God or Jesus seems to say as much to him in that moment of truth.

However, in terms of Ferreira, might he have grown spiritually cynical—for multiple reasons—and simply rejected religion in favor of humanism? At different times in the film, we see Rodrigues express doubt and skepticism; with Ferreira, doubt and skepticism could have turned into cynicism.

The question as to Ferreira's real feelings is quite fascinating.

Now, I would also say that it would be easily refuted that the Christians of Japan wouldn't have, at least by the time of the film, know that Christ was not the sun floating over them. How? The images they are forced to step on. If you were a believer and you thought you were worshiping the sun in the sky, you'd have a question or two when a priest whipped out a crucifix and said, "That's Jesus right there." You'd be thinking, "Hang on...I thought that was Jesus up in the sky?" and you'd certainly ask about it.

So, maybe there was an initial mix-up, but it would neither have affected the faith of the Japanese Christians nor would it have lasted long in any case.


... quite true, and I should have thought of that, although obviously I was skeptical of Ferreira's theory (whether he believed it or not).

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It sounds like you are not entirely convinced of our (Ace_Spade and myself) interpretation of Ferreira's belief never truly leaving. I think there is definitely a part of him that apostatized because he gave up, in a way, and became cynical of the whole system. I also believe Ace_Spade was correct when they mentioned Ferreira's apostatizing was for reasons that leaned more towards self preservation than Rodrigues' were.

However, while Ferreira may have been living with less hope than Rodrigues, I think being joined by Rodrigues also reinvigorated a strength in Ferreira that had dwindled (though not forgotten).

If you get a chance - perhaps after the film is released for viewing at home in your preferred format - I'd recommend watching the scenes with Ferreira twice. The first time, assume that he has never truly stopped believing and listen to what is not said as much as what is being said. The second time, assume everything he is saying can be taken at face value and that he truly has given up Christianity. Then consider which viewing made more sense given the context of the film and the performance. At the very least, it would be an interesting exercise.

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I took it to be the long road of torture that the Inquisitor had set out for him, much as he did for Rodrigues later.


... that interpretation makes sense. But then why does Ferreira say something like, "I have gone undercover"? Naturally, he would have gone "undercover" and then been exposed, but the narration made it seem like he was "undercover" while witnessing the hot-springs torture. Maybe he was referring to a slightly earlier period, though.

My recollection is that this scene occurs when he is laying by that large rock in the mountains of Goto right after, but before he is betrayed by the stream.


... yes, that seems right.

If you are referring to what happens at the first village, they were taking further measures to stamp out Christianity. Once they found one Christian, they knew there would be more. It was a display of power intended to put fear into the Christians.


... right, but there was supposed to be some deal with the authorities where two villagers would confess and turn themselves in, or else the authorities would take three or more villagers who they suspected—something along those lines. And the villagers then debate the matter. One—a leader-type—volunteers to turn himself in, and then they are looking for a second, and someone proposes that Kichijiro fill the role, given that he had already apostatized in the past. Thus, in this villager's view, he might have constituted a logical choice to confess. Presenting himself as a Christian would have supposedly been believable to the authorities, since he had once made the same confession (and thus could have reverted to the faith after apostasy). Moreover, since Kichijiro had already apostatized in the past, doing so again would supposedly have been easier for him than for someone who had never endured the process. And I believe that Kichijiro was not originally from the village and some of the villagers suspect that he may have ratted on them, furthering the motivation to use him as the second confessor.

Kichijiro does confess and apostatize again—he spits on the cross whereas the others do not—and that is why I was confused in terms of why the authorities rounded up several other suspects. But now I realize that he only confessed after being forced to do so.

And maybe the authorities were just being capricious in their desire to "display power," as you stated. Certainly, your point about their overall motivation is correct—I was just unclear regarding the exact process.

I do. I think the purpose of his character is to help Rodrigues realize that even this wretched man who has done horrible things out of cowardice is worthy of Jesus' love and grace. He is clearly not deserving, but no one is.


... yes, good point. And late in the film, someone makes that point about salvation not being about the beautiful or the easy people to save, but about the squalid and the difficult—was it Rodrigues, I guess in one of those reports to Valignano?

They were tied more tightly at the beginning. The ocean loosened them. Even so, they were in no condition to escape, and the authorities knew that. There was no reason to fasten them as tightly as possible. In fact, it probably would have made the torture more difficult to endure as you would have to stay up based on your own strength rather than letting the rope hold you.


... excellent point.

I don't believe Ferreira or Rodrigues ever truly abandoned their faith. They went through the actions of apostatizing and living as Buddhist in order to save the lives of those who's souls they valued so dearly. They had planted the seeds of Christianity and had to believe that God would do His work in the Japanese from there. It was the ultimate display of faith, in my mind: denying yourself in order to let God work in ways you cannot see.


Certainly, Silence suggests that Rodrigues internally resisted the Japanese authorities' attempts to annihilate his identity and control his soul.

Your take (and Ace_Spade's) on Ferreira is intriguing, and it may well be correct. I am not sure myself—he comes across as so bitter and jaded, and in some ways so spiritually broken, and in the sequence where Rodrigues apostatizes, Ferreira suggests that humanism trumps religion, or that Jesus' real message was humanism, anyway, so religion constitutes a false trapping. But your interpretation is certainly worth pondering. Ferreira is, to me, an ambiguous figure, and Scorsese's casting of Liam Neeson in that role is perfect.

I personally believe that Ferreira was simply saying what the Inquisitor wanted to hear. He made up something about "son of God" being mistranslated as "sun of God" (because it rises every day as opposed to on the third day as in the Bible). I don't think Ferreira actually believed what he was saying in this instance, so it does nothing to discredit the intellectual ability of the Japanese (except maybe the Inquisitor who believed Ferreira's theory)


... again, an intriguing interpretation, and certainly a valid one. But does the Inquisitor enjoy hearing that Japan is basically a primitive swamp filled with heathens (or animists)?

I believe that it was in the pit that Ferreira realized that the Inquisitor/Anti-Christian Japanese will not stop torturing Christians who openly oppose them and that he needed to let go of his pride. There is a theme about the pride of Westerners causing them to not understand the Japanese culture and I think that is a large part of both Ferreira's and Rodrigues' spiritual awakenings. They DID have a pride about their religion and this was getting other people killed. They had to humble themselves and take actions that they previously would be too proud to take in order to save the Christians in Japan.


... right, hubris—however innocent it may have been—certainly represents one of the film's major themes. Of course, based on your skepticism of Ferreira's posture, the question is whether the Christian hubris pertains more to the Japanese people or the crushing intolerance of the Japanese authorities—or some combination of the two. In other words, why was Japan this "swamp" where Christianity could not blossom? Was it a land of native savagery, with is the subtext of Ferreira's avowed positions? Or with it a land of extreme authoritarianism?

Hope that helps answer your questions in a way that makes sense. I thought this movie was incredibly profound and warrants deeper conversation.


... indeed, and I appreciate your effort.

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... that interpretation makes sense. But then why does Ferreira say something like, "I have gone undercover"? Naturally, he would have gone "undercover" and then been exposed, but the narration made it seem like he was "undercover" while witnessing the hot-springs torture. Maybe he was referring to a slightly earlier period, though.


The torturing of the other priests could be an attempt to make Ferreira confess that he is one of them. That may be why he is forced to watch without getting subjected to the hot-springs torture himself.

Or he could be referring to immediately before the hot-springs and being forced to watch was the Inquisitor's trying to get him to apostatize in the same way he forced Rodrigues to watch others suffer.

I'm comfortable with either translation of the scenario.

... again, an intriguing interpretation, and certainly a valid one. But does the Inquisitor enjoy hearing that Japan is basically a primitive swamp filled with heathens (or animists)?


I don't believe that the Inquisitor would take it as this. He is so submersed in the belief that Christianity makes no sense for Japan that I could imagine him believing that, had there not been a translation error, Christianity would not have thrived in the first place. He certainly believes that the Japanese who believe in Christianity during his time are unwise - as it would be to marry a barren woman if you wanted to have a prosperous family. To call the Japanese heathens (or possibly even animists) would be less offensive to him than the title Christian. As for the swamp analogy, I don't think anyone in the film believes it to mean the Japanese are primitive or any other such implications. The analogy only applies to religion and culture in that the trees that thrive in an European forest would not be able to survive in a place with such drastic geographical differences as a swamp.

... right, hubris—however innocent it may have been—certainly represents one of the film's major themes. Of course, based on your skepticism of Ferreira's posture, the question is whether the Christian hubris pertains more to the Japanese people or the crushing intolerance of the Japanese authorities—or some combination of the two. In other words, why was Japan this "swamp" where Christianity could not blossom? Was it a land of native savagery, with is the subtext of Ferreira's avowed positions? Or with it a land of extreme authoritarianism?


I think it boils down to the view of self within a culture/religion. The Inquisitor is saying that to "wed" yourself with the "barren wife" of Christianity is the epitome of hubris because it is putting your own personal feelings (love, in the case of the analogy) above the greater good. He, and the other anti-Christian Japanese, believe that Christianity puts too much focus on the individual and that this will damage Japan as a whole.

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The meeting of Rodrigues and Garupe with Father Valignano took place in Macau (Macao), then a Portuguese colony in South China. Valignano was a `padre visitador' sent by the Vatican (Rome) to inspect on the Asian jesuit missions. It was in Macau, that the two jesuits met for the first time a japanese outcast, Kishijiro, that helped them to freight a sailing junk (vessel) and guide them to South Japan (Kyushiu islands).

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The meeting of Rodrigues and Garupe with Father Valignano took place in Macau (Macao), then a Portuguese colony in South China. Valignano was a `padre visitador' sent by the Vatican (Rome) to inspect on the Asian jesuit missions. It was in Macau, that the two jesuits met for the first time a japanese outcast, Kishijiro, that helped them to freight a sailing junk (vessel) and guide them to South Japan (Kyushiu islands).


... that would explain Valignano's "while you were traveling from Portugal" line. The meeting seemed to be taking place in a built-up church, with all those stone stairs. Looking matters up, would that have been (a replica of) St. Paul's Church?

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Right. We can see in that scene the long stone staircase leading up to the St. Paul's Church (still existent in Macau), which belonged to the St. Paul's College, the 1st unniversity built in Asia (by the jesuits, some of them being refugees from Japan's 'sakoku' policy that banned foreigners to enter the country, except a few Dutch protestant traders).

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Thanks for the insight!

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