The plum girl is his first 'love', and he spends much of the film trying to recapture the experience of falling in love. Artists often try to recreate experiences that have profoundly impacted them, which is his goal in creating the ultimate perfume. As Hannibal Lecter teaches Clarice, the killing in pursuit of what he seeks is incidental.
What he realises when he sees everyone embraced in a mass orgy is that, while he can feel love, he is unloveable, and is doomed to the narcissistic pursuit of trying to artificially recreate experiences, rather than actually forge a real relationship with another human being. This disturbing realisation takes him on a pilgrimage to the place he was born - the fishmarket, where he was unloved from his first moments in the world, from whence he will now depart.
I think the film is about the effects of a cruel world on a sensitive artist, how negative experiences in the formative years can permanently damage someone, as is often the case with serial killers.
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