An Argument Against David’s Evolution into Personhood
In, David's Need for Mutual Recognition: A Social Personhood Defense of Steven Spielberg's A. I. Artificial Intelligence (2016, Manninen), the authors contend that the final sequence in A.I. Artificial Intelligence was not some sentimental attempt at closure, but rather a necessary component in fulfilling David’s evolution from mecha to person.
John Locke regarded a person as any entity capable of reason, self-reflection, and the ability to discern itself as itself. According to philosophers, a metaphysical person is any individual capable of “reason, self-consciousness, self-reflection, and moral agency. While human embryos, fetuses, elderly individuals with advanced dementia, or some mentally disabled individuals are biological persons, they are not metaphysical persons, in the sense that they do not possess the mental capacities of persons” (Manninen, 2016).
With this, we can arguably attribute an element of metaphysical personhood to David, as he exhibits the aforementioned faculties. We see David reason with Monica as she leaves him in the forest, exclaiming how he will become real for her; as he speaks with Joe, he acknowledges that he is not real, deducing that Monica loves Martin because he is real; and throughout the film, he is frequently shown proclaiming that he is David, indicating to the audience that he recognizes who he is. Although these points may be tenuous, they serve as elements of a larger transition which, according to the Manninens, David undergoes.
When the advanced mecha grant his final wish, David’s metamorphosis becomes complete. Throughout the film, David is never shown blinking, highlighting his robotic state. When Monica finally acknowledges that she loves him, David closes his eyes for the first (and last) time, completing his evolution into personhood. The Manninen’s argue that David’s recognition from Monica in the end fulfill the condition for his evolution into personhood, and that without this scene, David would continue to be an object rather than a person, despite what Professor Hobby tells him regarding his uniqueness.
However, despite the fanciful claims and reasoning, there is one element which, in my view, dispels any such evolution, and that is that Monica is not real. It is not the real Monica who acknowledges that she loves David, but rather a fake simulation, one less real and biologically human than David. If all David needed for personhood was social recognition, then the closest he came to receiving it was from Professor Hobby, who acknowledged him as a special iteration.
For this reason, one cannot reasonably conclude that David completed his Pinocchio journey and finally turned into a figurative boy. David did not learn and grow. He remained the same David that was imprinted to love Monica in the beginning of the film, unlike Teddy and, to a lesser extent, Joe, both of whom exercised an existence out of their programming.