Why did they need Jackson?
They needed 7 symbols to open the Stargate. They had six. Why not just try each and every symbol as the 7th until they got it?
As for coming home, Earth side could have just reactivated the Stargate from their end every day at a certain time. (Edit: they mention later in the movie they have to turn it on from their end)
I actually really like this movie, but the more I watch it the less sense it makes.