Great question.
I think it's consistent with the underpinnings of the whole story - what's legal, what's just, what's a sin. Atticus is devoted to law and justice, but sometimes those two are in conflict.
His final decision closes the circle on the sin we heard about in the beginning: killing a mockingbird. Not illegal, not out of keeping with black-letter justice. But in the human sense, a great wrong.
Judicial and extrajudicial judgment are weighed against each other constantly throughout the story - and the pitfalls of the extrajudicial, with the killing of Tom. People outside the court system meting out their own "justice" can be very, very dangerous, as far from real justice as you can get.
That sets up the final scene, when Atticus has to confront whether extrajudicial justice is something he's willing to opt for - whether it's possible for him to perceive as the greater justice.
He's at his weakest point - completely shaken, can't even remember his son's age. This edifice of a man who even keeps it together when evil on two legs spits in his face has reached a breaking point. He's trying to rebalance himself with what he's always relied on: he's piecing together phrases about courts and laws and procedures. It's not helping. They sound alien, cold, useless.
Then Heck - who's been good, calm, and decent throughout - urges him to look away from that legal machinery long enough to consider that the greater good might in fact be served outside it. Atticus well knows the perils of that, but he's capable of thinking outside the binary. (In fact, that's consistent with what we've seen of him all along, too. He endorses honesty, but he's willing to throw a line of blarney about roses and gardens to placate an angry old lady. Which serves the greater good?) He's taught Scout everything, he imbued her with his own goodness, and now she reminds him that to kill a mockingbird is a sin. Dragging Arthur into the light for defending children from evil would compound the evil.
I can see where all this can be viewed as selling out. But I think that would be more consistent with a story that touted black-letter law as the ultimate justice that must be adhered to. But that would be a different movie.
Instead, the last scene brings together all the forms of justice that have been presented, showing that Right and Wrong are an immensely complex proposition, and even strong, solid Atticus sees it as - not an easy choice, not a clean and simple choice - but the choice for the greater good.
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Nothing to see here, move along.
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