Janet at the Wheel
I've been re-reading a book called "Boffo" by the estimable Peter Bart(former Variety editor, Paramount executive and WSJ writer). Its about a passel of hits from movies(Psycho, The Sound of Music, The Godfather), to TV shows(I Love Lucy, All in the Family) to plays(Cats, Mamma Mia) that folks said "couldn't be done," but WAS done.
Here from the Psycho chapter, Bart on the Hitchcock-Janet Leigh collaboration:
"Hitchcock hired(Leigh) for three weeks; one of them was devoted to the forty five seconds of the shower sequence. The fact that (Leigh) filmed forty-five minutes worth of other scenes in less than two weeks is a testament to Hitchcock's promised fast shooting schedule, which encompassed fourteen to eighteen setups a day."
Yeah, that's pretty fast. And one is reminded that whereas Kubrick did 100 takes of the not-very-scary axing of Scatman Crothers in The Shining; Hitchcock on his superfast schedule gave us the shower and staircase murders and made the world scream at the top of their lungs.
But what of Janet Leigh's "non-shower scenes" in Psycho. If we give her ten days(two business weeks ) to film them, how about this long for shooting each:
Sam and Marion in the hotel room(two days)
Marion at the real estate office (two days)
Marion and the cop(one day, on soundstage for Janet)
Marion and California Charlie(one day location; one hour in bathroom soundstage set.)
Marion and Norman, check-in to the parlor scene(one day)
Marion and Norman, parlor scene(two days)
That's nine days(with a "pick up hour" of Marion in California Charlie's bathroom.) And maybe if Hitch got the Sam/Marion or California Charlie scenes done in one day...that leaves time to film Marion fumbling around with the cash at the Bates Motel. Etc.
What does that leave?
Well, it leaves Marion in the car, driving. I suppose Hitchcock could have shot all those shots of Marion driving(some as medium shots, many as close-ups, a couple as extreme close-ups) in ONE DAY if he knew what he wanted and got it.
Consider:
Janet Leigh is placed in a soundstage "mock-up car interior" with a blank process screen behind her. On that process screen will be projected all manner of "background plates" that Hitchcock has already had a second unit crew film, and that he has likely had "marked for numbers" so that each projection "fits" Janet's(Marion's) location as she emotes "behind the wheel."
Thus:
ONE: Marion at the Phoenix crosswalk, sees her boss.
TWO: Marion drives on, in Phoenix.
THREE: Friday night, out of Phoenix, night -- Marion starts to fall asleep.
FOUR: After her verbal confrontation with the cop, Marion drives onto California Highway 99 north, with the cop in the background plate.
FIVE: Marion drives into Bakersfield, California(home of California Charlie.)
SIX: (A big, big stretch of acting) Marion drives north, north north on Highway 99. (Best match-up: the train in the background plate that we had seen as an oncoming POV shot.)
Keep in mind: Hitchcock's second unit had already filmed the "POV shots of what Marion sees ahead of her," but Janet Leigh wasn't needed for those. THOSE shots would be edited into a two-part mix:
POV shots: What Marion sees on the road ahead.
"Marion shots"(with appropriate background plates): Medium shots, close ups , extreme close-ups.
We have read that Hitchcock "directed" Janet Leigh how to react in the car for specific moments: "Oh, look , there's your boss crossing in the intersection. You're shocked, nervous...but you smile and wave."
And what of the "unseen real estate office voices"? We can FIGURE that perhaps those voices were PLAYED(as recorded by the actors) or read aloud(as script) so that Leigh could match her expressions to what she is "hearing in her head."
But I've always wondered: WHO decided that Janet should smile that rather knowing and sadistic smile on Cassidy's imagined words "I'll replace (the money) with her fine soft flesh." Was that a Hitchcock direction, or a Leigh decision? We will never know.
What we do know is this: at least part of Janet Leigh's 1960 Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actress in Psycho comes from her detailed, precise facial acting in all of her "Janet at the Wheel" scenes.
And that's right up to the point where the "POV shots ahead" are of the Bates Motel itself...slowly manifesting out of the darkness and rain with what lights are lit, and with NO music on the soundtrack...Janet Leigh ACTED her reactions to her first look at the Bates Motel...and Hitchcock simply had to provide those GREAT POV shots and cut them in.
And this: Janet Leigh appeared at some college -- in Utah -- I think -- in the 90's, to speak about Psycho and the rest of her career(scores of movies including The Manchurian Candidate and Touch of Evil.) She showed a clip of Psycho before she came on stage. Did she choose the shower scene?
No: she chose the sequence of her night drive to the Bates Motel.
She was very proud of her work there.