A Twisted Tree or Two
Where is the Bates Motel located?
Hitchcock rather fudged the location in interviews.
As the film went into production, he told the New York Times that the motel was near "Sacramento, California" -- the capitol of the state but also in the higher reaches of the dusty and arid Central Valley of California...about 100 miles inland from the far more rich and gorgeous seaside city of San Francisco.
Some years later after the release of Psycho, Hitchcock specified that the Bates Motel was "near a place called Redding."
Now Redding is about 170 miles north of Sacramento, in a dusty valley of its own but near the high snowy mountain peaks of Mount Shasta and the Cascade mountains.
Psycho bears out the Redding locale, for Redding is in Shasta County and the map on the wall in the DA's office at the end says "Shasta County" and the cop who asks for the blanket for Norman has a patch on his shoulder that says "Shasta Police." Done.
I expect Hitchcock told the New York Times..Sacramento...because New Yorkers knew Sacramento but they didn't know Redding.
And of course, "Fairvale," unlike the real California towns of Santa Rosa and Bodega Bay found in other Hitchcock films, was entirely fictional, a name lifted from Bloch's novel.
After dispensing with the second-unit opening shots over Phoenix and the street-level Xmastime streets of Phoenix, Hitchcock's second unit guys covered Marion Crane's drive heading "North by Northwest" -- Arizona west to LA north to Redding -- with shots of:
The Grapevine hills north of Los Angeles(and the nothing town of Gorman; the cop stop.)
Bakersfield (where Marion buys her next car; the lot was actually near Universal Studios)
Highway 99 North(all that driving footage; probably captured for about 100 miles before quitting.)
No footage was filmed in or near Sacramento or Redding.
Which brings me to my point:
After all that second-unit "real location footage" of Phoenix, Gorman, Bakersfield, and Highway 99 for about 100 miles north(near the farm town of Tulare, California)...
...Psycho never really goes on location again.
The ACTUAL Bates Motel was, famously, on the Universal backlot, and what we see of the terrain around the Bates Motel(some bushy hills behind it in long shots, some twisted trees on the hillside and near the swamp) is all...North Hollywood.
Hitchcock was, famously, working on a very low budget for Psycho, and I think it is interesting that, on the one hand, he still spent enough money to get all that location footage of Marion's journey (to set up the terrain in our mind) but then....
...never left the backlot.
The location of the Bates Motel is thus "a state of mind." If one knows enough about California to recognize the signs for Gorman and Bakersfield, or to "get" the Highway 99 footage, or to understand the map of Shasta County...then Psycho and the Bates Motel have a STRONG sense of place(as with Bodega Bay for The Birds, or San Francisco and the peninsula for Vertigo.)
But if one doesn't have that local geography, the locale of the Bates Motel and mansion seem very much dictated by Hitchcock's decorations of the locale: which to me, consists mainly of:
A twisted tree or two.
There are photos on imdb of Hitchcock talking to Anthony Perkins near one of those twisted trees, and photos elsewhere of Perkins standing alone near one of those trees -- his wooden "foot marker" at his feet to hold his camera position. Perkins is here being filmed watching the car sink in the swamp.
But the twisted tree is prominent in both the Hitchcock/Perkins photo and the Perkins alone photo and for me -- that tree summons up the creepy atmosphere of Psycho quite well.
Reason being: one sees twisted trees like that all the time in Northern California in general...and in Redding and Sacramento areas in particular.
Hitchcock got THAT right...that kind of tree (which also dot the hillside leading to the house) is very atmospheric, and, by its very "twisted" nature....very much a commentary on the twisted nature of the Bates family, Norman Bates, the Bates motel and the Bates House.
A tree can be a very symbolic thing. Especially when joined by two or three.
I'll end with a rhetorical question: were those twisted trees already on the backlot near where they built the house and filmed the swamp?
Or did Hitchcock "cast" the trees and have them brought in and planted?
Honestly, I don't know....