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The Unique Eroticism of the Opening Hotel Scene


A 1979 article in the LA Times bespoke of the first time MPAA censors looked at Psycho in a screening room.

Right off the bat, they saw Janet Leigh and John Gavin necking in their underwear and some complaints were raised. "Don't worry," said the head censor, "THIS scene will never be in the movie." (Then they saw the rest of the movie and the head censor said, "this movie will never be released." But that's another story.)

Setting aside the outrage of repressive bluehairs deciding morals for an entire nation, that opening scene was certainly historic, and it has a certain unique eroticism, says I. Allow me to explain.

After the great swooping descent over the Phoenix skyline (with Herrmann's music creating a "downward drift" even as it plays bleak and oddly sweet) through the hotel room window we go and across the room in the darkness until things reveal themselves:

A bed. A night table next to the bed(though its only 2:43 on a sunny afternoon.)

And a woman lying on her back ON that bed. In bra and halfslip. Looking up at a man standing beside the bed. In slacks but shirtless.

Let's stop right there. The initial "posing" of Marion on the bed and Sam hovering over her creates the sensation of sex: either its just BEEN had, or its about to BE had. Some clothes are off, some skin is showing(especially HIS). The woman is lying down, supplicative. The man is standing up, looking down on the woman, in a dominating stance. Its a very sexual shot. Look for yourself.

As the scene goes on, we realize that sex isn't going to happen. Which means it has already happened.

Hitchcock gives THAT away with this:

Sam: You never did eat your lunch.

CUT TO: An uneaten sandwich on a plate, Coke nearby.

So...Marion showed up for lunch(perhaps unwilling to acknowledge what was really going to happen) and had a DIFFERENT sort of meal. Hitchcock and his screenwriter Joe Stefano have set things up well -- and quite sexually.

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This being 1960, Hitchcock can't be too direct about implying that the couple had sex. We can perhaps only intuit that they did some "heavy petting" with some clothes off for sensation's sake(not enough are off for the having of sex.)

But that doesn't make sense. The uneaten sandwich pushes our thoughts in other directions: these two have had sex. And we're coming in when they are halfway clothed -- we can assume they were nude, and have spent some time getting dressed again -- but they are not quite ready to get ALL the way dressed. They're basking in the afterglow. Perhaps Marion laid back down to invite what IS going to happen: some final heavy necking. A gentle winding down of the sex session.

Soon, Sam has lowered himself to the bed, Marion has moved to join him(while remaining supine) and the two are smack dab into one of those "Hitchcock extended kissing and nibbling scenes" that drove critic Stanley Kauffman crazy("They have as much relationship to real sex as Hitchcock's recent pictures have to real suspense" -- and Kauffman hated the recent pictures). But I liked it.

One reason I liked it is that because -- as against James Stewart necking with the much younger Grace Kelly and Kim Novak -- THIS couple seem evenly matched. They are both young. They both have great faces. They are both superfit. They both have big chests.

As they nibble away, some exposition:

Marion: You come down here on these business trips, I meet you ---

And then perhaps a double-entendre:

Marion: I wish you wouldn't even come. (As opposed to "come here.")

There's some more hot talk during the kissing:

Sam: I've heard of married couples who deliberately check in to these kind of hotels--

But its countered by Marion: "When you're married, you can do a lot of things"(oops, Sam shouldn't have said "married couples.")
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The necking session has Marion's sadly self-prophetic line:

Marion: These kinds of hotels don't care when you check in, but when your time is up...

In retrospect, we know that Marion's time IS up. Though in the immediate context, this is a sexual line as well. This is not a hotel where you stay overnight. Its one where you book by the hour...the kind that hookers use with Johns, or cheaters use on their spouses...

The sexual nibbling continues on. The angle on Marion creates a sense of nudity on Leigh's part -- the only clothing visible is one bra shoulder strap and you barely make it out -- even as Gavin comes down on her from above, creating more sexual tension.

And then Sam makes his big mistake of a line:

"What do we do instead? Write each other lurid love letters?"

Marion almost comically snaps up to a seated position on the bed(Hitchcock violently cuts to a new angle) and then gets up entirely: "Sam, I've got to go."

Evidently, the censors fought hard to cut the word "lurid," so the fact that it got in created MORE sexual content for 1960. "Lurid love letters" in 1960 would be "sexting" today so...everything old is new again. And as with so much else in this scene, we are IMAGINING the sex(the sex that Sam and Marion had before we came in, the sex that married couples have in these hotel rooms, the sex that couples have before their time is up, the sex conveyed in lurid love letters...)

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Once Sam and Marion are out of bed, the necking stops but the sexual content does not.

Sam takes a seat in the corner and we can fully see his broad torso and muscle tone. When he extends his arms and says "All right," its muy mas macho (and very shortly thereafter, he puts on his shirt. Boo for the ladies and the gay men.)

Meanwhile, 1960 audiences got a nice long gaze at Janet Leigh standing in bra and halfslip(evidently only FULL slips had been allowed), and of course, Leigh had quite the big chest(albeit near obscured in a maximum size bra; no real cleavage.)

Herrmann's music turns very sad here, very bleak...for the post coital discussions will all be sour ones. I believe we know the content here. We have Sam trying one more time to bring sex into the conversation:

Marion: Oh, you can come over. I'll have my sister come over and we can broil a big steak dinner for three, under my mother's picture.
Sam: And after? Do we send sister to the movies? Turn mother's picture to the wall?
Marion: Sam!

Its perhaps too required 1960 that Sam the Wolf keeps pressing for sex(in deed or in thought) and Marion the Girl Who Said Yes finally has to shut things down. What sex she has given to Sam is sought as leverage to get him to marry her, and the conversation touches that and goes downhill from there.

When Marion finally does leave, she refuses to take Sam to the airport(the sexual shutting off has begun -- object: matrimony) and notes that he isn't wearing his shoes, the last little it of "nudity" in the scene (in mind only.)

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BTW, if I speak to the "unique" eroticism of this scene, its in that I think it is very tied to 1960. In the 30s(after the Hays Code came in), the 40s, much of the 50s, the scene simply couldn't have been filmed. Sam and Marion would have met in a restaurant, fully clothed, to discuss less frank issues.

Came the 70s, the scene could have begun with the lovers entwined and lovemaking, but those scenes became rather standard(and tame compared to what porn can give one).

Instead we have this "hybrid" that goes farther than most American films of the time and yet has to hide its frank intent(the censors were poised to kill it.)

As with much in Hitchcock's mid-century work(say, pre Marnie, definitely pre-Frenzy, which comes near the end), the constraints upon Hitchcock forced him to sexualize a scene without being graphic.

I don't think there is any scene to rival this one for "effect" in Hitchcock. Maybe in movies. Though Hitchcock tried again -- with two big stars -- when he had Paul Newman and Julie Andrews snuggle under blankets in possible sexual congress. Torn Curtain.

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A very nice analysis. Thanks!

I think you are right that around 1960 there is a sense of barely restrained eroticism 'in the air' across the world of cinema and maybe across the western world generally: 'sexuality's busting loose' is a background message of a lot of movies around this time (on pain of driving people literally insane if you try to contain/deny it any longer, see, e.g., Splendor in the Grass (1961)).

Consider what was going on in 1959 in cinema. Chabrol had two films out. One, A Double Tour, opens with a curvaceous Bernadette LaFont leaning out a window for which the reverse shot is:
http://tinyurl.com/y85qpwla
which no one ever forgets, and the other, Les Cousins, has its main female character spend half the film sunbathing just in panties like so:
https://vaguevisages.com/juliette-mayniel-les-cousins-2/
More famously, the main couple in Hiroshima Mon Amour spend about half the movie lounging around in bed, pre- and post-coital.

Then go to 1960. La Dolce Vita isn't explicit but leaves you in no doubt that Marcello Mastroianni's character is enjoying a life of sex parties and multiple partners. Peeping Tom has images like the following:
http://tinyurl.com/y7mcdx45
which is an ominous counterpart to Sam standing over Marion - the alternative Psycho-noir where the out-of-town person who meets you in a hotel for sex (or sex-photographs) kills you.

And the centerpiece of Breathless is a hotel scene in which a couple who've been intimate before josh about whether to have sex again now. Jean-Paul Belmondo's character flicks through a nudie/porno magazine, which we get an ample view of, while he tries to talk Jean Seberg's character around... The whole thing *feels* very sexy in a jazzy, fresh way.

And The Apartment, Elmer Gantry, Private Property, etc. have their self-consciously tawdry sides, so even sticking to Hollywood it's wrong to see Psycho as 'out there on its own'. Film just *was* growing up fast in 1960.

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Mentioning La Dolce Vita (1960) for showing a pretty tawdry existence for its main character led me to rewatch its ending which (simplest interpretation) provides Mastroianni's character with a vision of an angelic young girl who represents a purer life that's he's lost or that is no longer open to him. That scene is up on youtube (in a beautiful 720p version) and worth watching:
https://youtu.be/pIkFea5aO1g
It's striking that many of the great films from 1960 end (either the last shot or the second to last shot) with a character looking directly into the camera ('breaking the 4th wall'): at least Psycho, Breathless, La Dolce Vita, Les Bonnes Femmes. And The 400 Blows from 1959 contains probably the most famous 'looking directly into camera' final shot of all.

Greater intimacy of the actor with the camera, thereby confronting the audience more, seems to me to be part of film growing up around 1960 almost as much as greater sexual frankness was.

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It's striking that many of the great films from 1960 end (either the last shot or the second to last shot) with a character looking directly into the camera ('breaking the 4th wall'): at least Psycho, Breathless, La Dolce Vita, Les Bonnes Femmes.

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I did not know that, I simply haven't seen all those films. Interesting how a trend "locks in" -- but in this case, only Hitchocck was doing this in Hollywood films?

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And The 400 Blows from 1959 contains probably the most famous 'looking directly into camera' final shot of all.

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OK. Thus Truffaut's Hitchcock influences start to manifest before the Master gets there with Psycho...so Truffaut influenced Hitch on this one?

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Greater intimacy of the actor with the camera, thereby confronting the audience more, seems to me to be part of film growing up around 1960 almost as much as greater sexual frankness was.

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Its very possible. We're not all the way to the gritty, "semi-documentary" and improvised look and feel of American 70's cinema, but there is definitely a greater realism coming in the 60's and that includes intimacy with characters who are "real" and connected to us.

And sometimes talking to us. I am thinking of Michael Dunn in "Ship of Fools". And sometimes singing to us. I am thinking of Nat King Cole and Stubby Kaye in "Cat Ballou."

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A very nice analysis. Thanks!

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Thanks for reading. I'm over on a thread or two enjoying my Arbogast musings(must mean something), I figured I should check in on another part of this famous movie.

Funny, how little we linger on the shower scene around here. It is what it is, I guess, so great and famous and yet nasty that its hard to "get into it" on paper.

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I think you are right that around 1960 there is a sense of barely restrained eroticism 'in the air' across the world of cinema and maybe across the western world generally: 'sexuality's busting loose' is a background message of a lot of movies around this time

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Everything would seem to indicate it. What's clear in my readings(and your presentations below) is that the European film makers had the freedom to express early and directly on sexual matters, and Hollywood filmmakers were going berserk(well, some of them were) on the lingering church-based constraints of the Hays Code.

I suppose we cannot take too lightly the power of "the church" (in all its types) on movies in those days. In addition to the Hayes code and MPAA hurdles, Hollywood filmmakers had a Catholic Code that would "condemn" movies(thus forbidding church goers to see them.) "Psycho" somehow missed the "condemned" category , as I recall, but ended up with "some parts morally objectionable for all."

No matter. Sex was in the air, the European films were already there, repression was ending. People wanted to have FUN.

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(on pain of driving people literally insane if you try to contain/deny it any longer, see, e.g., Splendor in the Grass (1961)).

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THAT aspect of the sex drive is very interesting(particularly as expressed in this film as being with the young woman), and a few films covered it. I recall how directly frank the opening kissing sequence in Splendor in the Grass was, with the waterfalls in the background.

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which no one ever forgets, and the other, Les Cousins, has its main female character spend half the film sunbathing just in panties like so:
https://vaguevisages.com/juliette-mayniel-les-cousins-2/
More famously, the main couple in Hiroshima Mon Amour spend about half the movie lounging around in bed, pre- and post-coital.

Then go to 1960. La Dolce Vita isn't explicit but leaves you in no doubt that Marcello Mastroianni's character is enjoying a life of sex parties and multiple partners.

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Your "Cook's Tour" of European erotic filmmaking, narrative and imagery, certainly makes the case for why Hollywood directors of a certain stripe were going nuts wanting to join in. Why, they were like Natalie Wood in Splendor in the Grass.

There was little Hollywood could do in response, but they tried. We've got Otto Preminger's Anatomy of a Murder with a trial using "clinical" approaches to sex -- discussions of rape and penetration and "spermatazgenation" or some such term, and of course, a snickering crowd laughing at the word "panties." Its all very frank and yet too clinical and heavy-handed to be very erotic.

Hitchcock had Cary Grant and Eva Marie Saint exchange extremely frank banter on that train -- the fantasy lies in how quickly Saint offers herself up for sex in her train compartment. There's no skin, but it was the best Hitchcock could do at the time, and I guess it worked pretty well.

One year later, there's more skin and intimacy in the Psycho opening scene, but even there, Hitchcock chose to push the nibbling/kissing business that was his trademark.

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And The Apartment, Elmer Gantry, Private Property, etc. have their self-consciously tawdry sides, so even sticking to Hollywood it's wrong to see Psycho as 'out there on its own'. Film just *was* growing up fast in 1960.

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Yes, I probably shouldn't have suggested that Psycho was out there on its own. I'm not sure the hotel scene was the most frank of sexually charged 1960 American scenes, frankly. Rather as with the murder scenes in the film, it was rather its disturbing "intimate and invasive" quality that lingers, perhaps.

And damn that bra on Leigh was big. It was like a shirt!

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The Apartment is very clearly about extramarital sex going on. The old-fashioned aspect of Wilder's presentation, I might add, presents the women who will cheat with the married men as rather of a lower class than the men, they all have comical Bronx accents that seem designed to say "loose woman." I mean ALL of them. Except MacLaine.

And while I think Janet Leigh should have won Best Supporting Actress as nominated by the Academy(no, wait, Best ACTRESS would have been better)...Shirley Jones sure radiated raw sex appeal and heartbreaking beauty as the hooker in Elmer Gantry. Didn't her line about Elmer "ramming the Love of God into me" survive the censors?

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Peeping Tom has images like the following:
http://tinyurl.com/y7mcdx45
which is an ominous counterpart to Sam standing over Marion - the alternative Psycho-noir where the out-of-town person who meets you in a hotel for sex (or sex-photographs) kills you.

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I've never seen Peeping Tom all the way through. Is that shot in the movie? If so...isn't that a little historic, too?

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Its funny to me how Hitchcock never really got the eroticism of the scene in Psycho going again. Tippi and Rod get one brief kiss in The Birds. Tippi is too frigid for much fun in Marnie -- though an extreme close-up of Sean's lips locking down on Tippi's is pretty sexy in a dominating, sad way. Hitchcock came closest to the Psycho tryst scene with Paul and Julie, but Julie didn't show any skin and the couple seemed mismatched. A planned topless love scene in Topaz was scrapped so we get some good kissing scenes and that's it.

Came the seventies, Frenzy famously has rape as its "love scene" but we get that later bit of business in which while Blaney and Babs consensually go to bed, Hitchcock decides to skip the whole session(perhaps "eschewing the cliché") and instead gives us Babs after-the-fact nude walk to the bathroom. Very British kitchen sink cinema, you ask me. (And its not Anna Massey.)

And then we have Family Plot, where each couple speaks often of the sex they're going to have, but we never see a bit of it. We don't even see their beds. Perhaps Bruce Dern wasn't made for sex scenes. I do like how the film informs us that Barbara Harris is sex-crazed and Dern tells her he is "too pooped to pop," and how William Devane and Karen Black intimate to us in the audience that their sex life includes some S/M, maybe. Which tracks with their villainy.

But its funny about Family Plot: its like Hitchcock threw in the towel on sexuality altogether. Barely any kissing, no love scenes, some direct talk about sex, that's it.

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I've never seen Peeping Tom all the way through. Is that shot in the movie? If so...isn't that a little historic, too?
The shot is in the movie, followed by a quick fade to black, and my understanding is that it always has been but that originally the shot was (to get past censors) both shorter and darker, esp. at the bottom of the frame, than it is now. This is covered in one of the very extensive dvd/blu-ray 'making of' extras.

So the original shot probably didn't cause much history. Famously, however, PT was reviled by UK critics at the time as sleazy and depraved (so presumably this key risque shot even darkened was felt to be part of that), and it was pulled from theaters very quickly, the fallout from all of which ended Powell's commercial career there. An extraordinary fate for the most important British film-maker not-named-Hitchcock! But I suppose the early '60s were a clean-out period for lots of directors whose biggest hits were back in the '40s and who were vulnerable to being seen as old-fashioned and out-of-date. PT *should* have helped with that and made Powell seem *very* up-to-date, but alas that was not to be.

BTW, I recently rewatched Powell and Pressburger's 'I Know Where I'm Going' (1945): it's an astonishing film, definitely some kind of joyous masterpiece, bursting with good ideas - shots no one else would have tried, character and dialogue ideas no one else would have tried - in almost every scene. I rate Powell and co. as having the best films of 1946, 1947, and 1948 with A Matter of Life and Death, Black Narcissus, and The Red Shoes. I've tended to give Lean's Brief Encounter (1945) the edge ahead of IKWIG, but now I'm not so sure. In other words, I now think that it's defensible to think that Powell, uniquely in film history, made the best film on the planet four years running.

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I've never seen Peeping Tom all the way through. Is that shot in the movie? If so...isn't that a little historic, too?
The shot is in the movie, followed by a quick fade to black, and my understanding is that it always has been but that originally the shot was (to get past censors) both shorter and darker, esp. at the bottom of the frame, than it is now. This is covered in one of the very extensive dvd/blu-ray 'making of' extras.

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Hmm....but still..the nudity is there? I think I've read that a few other foreign films got away with glimpses of nudity long before American studio films. Hitchcock famously "snuck" nudity into Psycho(out of focus body double nipples as Marion reaches for the shower curtain while dying) but, well...I guess the international market was less concerned. I think someone wrote that "The Pawnbroker" of 1965 is the first American film with some nudity.

It all seems very silly now, this intense unwillingness to show nudity on film, which is to say "one of those parts" We know which ones . And yet we STILL don't how much nudity on film, name actors and actresses don't want to do it in the "DVD freeze frame" age.

Which reminds me: Hitchcock(likely trying to sound "hip") told Truffaut that he wished he could have had a topless Janet Leigh rub her bare breasts against John Gavin's bare chest ("It would have been more interesting" -- to which some Hitchcock scholar said "and how!). Impossible in 1960 American film, probably impossible with Janet Leigh.

However, leap to 1998 and an "R-rated" Psycho starring Anne Heche as Marion and Viggo Mortenson as Sam. Well, here's their chance and...Heche doesn't go topless as Hitch wanted. However, Viggo goes bottomless for one shot (about which, Anne Heche told openly gay director Gus Van Sant on the commentary DVD track, "bet you liked THAT shot, Gus." Gus didn't sound too amused.)

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So the original shot probably didn't cause much history. Famously, however, PT was reviled by UK critics at the time as sleazy and depraved (so presumably this key risque shot even darkened was felt to be part of that), and it was pulled from theaters very quickly, the fallout from all of which ended Powell's commercial career there. An extraordinary fate for the most important British film-maker not-named-Hitchcock!

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This is some pretty famous movie-lore, rife with irony. In the same year (1960), two famous British directors each "pushes the envelope" with a shocking tale of a sexual psychopath. One gets a blockbuster and rich and more famous. One gets purgatory.

I suppose the reasons are more clear than it would appear. Hitchcock had been known for thrillers, and some of them had had their share of kink and violence for their times(Lifeboat, Rope, Strangers on a Train, Dial M, Rear Window come to mind.)

But Powell was more "high falutin'," humanistic and artful. He made The Red Shoes!

I've seen enough of Peeping Tom to see that, unlike Psycho, it doesn't really have much "fun" in it. No jump out scares, no haunted house, no "Monster-like" killer(Mrs. Bates.) We also have references to the killer being tortured by his late father in experiments in fear and the lingering nature of the "pre-kill" of his strictly female victims(though the killings, unlike as in Psycho, aren't really shown, are they?) Simply put, Peeping Tom is more like Frenzy than Psycho, and in 1960, that was pretty disgusting to some.

Not to mention: for as rich as it made him, Psycho bought Hitchcock some real disgust in public discourse and within the Hollywood community (Walt Disney and Jerry Lewis were too who opined the film was disgusting and Hitchcock , sick.) Hitchcock weathered the Psycho storm thanks to his TV show and Lew Wasserman bringing him to Universal, I suppose.

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But I suppose the early '60s were a clean-out period for lots of directors whose biggest hits were back in the '40s and who were vulnerable to being seen as old-fashioned and out-of-date.

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This happened pretty quickly. I am always fascinated by Frank Capra's final film, "Pocketful of Miracles" of 1961, one year after Psycho. He was remaking his own film from the 30's, and fascinatingly, even in Technicolor and Panavision, it seems like it was MADE in the 30s -- the dialogue, the plot, even the acting styles. Modern stars like Glenn Ford and Peter Falk are...sent back in time. Its a period piece, yes, but, the MAKING of it feels 30s. I really like the movie for exactly that flavor of it.

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In other words, I now think that it's defensible to think that Powell, uniquely in film history, made the best film on the planet four years running.

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Michael Powell is one of those whom I've read about, but rarely seen his films. Its my problem, may loss, and perhaps some day I will finally correct it.

But your survey above puts one of my surveys at some risk:

I've always felt Hitchcock's three in a row of Vertigo, NXNW, and Psycho is an unbroken record for Hollywood directors. In those same years, Wilder and Preminger came close, but not close enough: Witness for the Prosecution, Some Like It Hot, The Apartment for Billy; I don't know what, they Anatomy of a Murder, then Exodus for Otto. No, Hitchcock's three were a more perfect trifecta.

And when you add in The Birds almost three years after Psycho(Hitchcock released no films in 1961 or '62), you get a run of FOUR famous titles in a row that I also find as unmatched. I mean, lets name them: Vertigo, NXNW, Psycho, The Birds. In a row. Incredible.
But you have Powell doing four in a row, four years in a row.

Its an interesting comparative parlor game. And no one can "win it."

Suffice it to say that those are two great directors who had some real winning streaks.

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