Nobody knows we can only assume. But again it makes one wonder because I had seen death in hundreds of movies long before I'd watched Psycho, and none of them stayed with me, none of them at all pure topped Marion Crane's the way Hitchcock shot it in terms of sheer hauntingness.
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The OP touches here on some of the artful and intelligent decisions Hitchcock made in presenting his two landmark "shocking, grisly, violent and somewhat bloody murders." A dire kind of film history was being made here, but not without intelligence and thought(beyond the thought that audiences would flock by the millions to be scared by a kind of murder they'd never seen on screen before.)
Crucially: while Hitchcock shows us the murder of Marion "start to finish" -- the finish being her lifeless face staring out at us from the bathroom floor; the murder of Arbogast is a quicker affair that fades out before the man is actually dead and elects not to linger on his face or dead body at all.
I would expect that some of this decision came from the censors -- Hitchcock could "linger" on one death, but not two. There is also the issue that Marion is a more important character (a "star" character) than Arbogast, and thus entitled to a more lengthy murder and a more fitting farewell (her face staring out at us, a drop of water under her eye serving as either a tear...or just water.)
All that said, I'm sure that Arbogast died with a look of terror on his face, "locked in" just like Marion's. Not necessarily the "extreme" look we see when he is first attacked (for his expression changes various times while he topples down the stairs) , but something pretty shocked and horrified.
Hitchcock gave us the template for this look(eyes open, mouth open) with Marion in Psycho, and then, 12 years later, in his next psycho killer movie "Frenzy," "amplified" on the effect by giving us not just one, not just two, but THREE, separate close-ups of strangled female murder victims with their eyes open and bugged out, their mouths open and -- in a ghastly/funny touch...their tongues hanging out.
Hitchcock got these facial expressions, I believe, from REAL photos, of REAL murder victims, and then "dramatized them" on film.
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A digusted Time magazine reviewer wrote in 1960 of the shower murder "The camera describes at close range every scream, gasp, gurgle and hemorraghe by which a living human being becomes a corpse." True enough...and historic. Heretofore, oftimes the faces of corpses weren't even to be shown in movies. They were just bodies. We never really see the dead Harry's face in "The Trouble With Harry" beyond John Forsythe's drawing of it.
But Janet Leigh's expertly acted "death face" was, and is, indeed, one of the most haunting representations of the finality of death as the movies have ever given us.
Some folks wrote that the shot of Janet Leigh dead on the shower floor -- and let's add that she rather looks like a dead open-mouthed fish, if you've ever seen one of those -- was "disgusting and degrading." And yet Janet Leigh herself USED that shot for the cover of HER book on the Making of Psycho.
Simply put, in the right artful hands(Hitchcock's and Leigh's) , the absolute stasis of death can be something moving and profound.
Some folks cried at that shot of Leigh.
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Meanwhile, back at Arbogast.
Hitchcock chose not to linger on Arbogast's last moments and death. The shot fades out on Mother's hand slamming a knife down below the frame and then we hear ANOTHER of the great "grisly acting moments" in Psycho: Arbogast's scream. It is the only time he DOES scream in the entire scene, he fell down the stairs silently, with Herrmann's screeching strings providing the sound. But Herrmann's strings go silent for the brief moment necessary to hear Arbogast's final, guttural scream, and it is very complex: a low, shuddering "BLLEAAHHH!" that is very male and suggests both the pain of the killing and Arbogast's horrified recognition of Norman as his killer. That scream is, in its own way, as profound as the final shot of Marion on the floor.
Speaking of which: in one of the many YouTube "spoofs" of Psycho and its murder scenes, we get "Psycho in 3 minutes" and the ENTIRE Arbogast scene boils down to one shot:
Over the dialogue: "I think something's going on at that Bates Motel on the old highway, I think I'll go out there and check it out," we see ARBOGAST's dead face(with a hat on his head) on a carpeted floor, staring out at us just like Marion...and then dragged out of the frame. Nifty!
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