I see the inclusion of Hornbeck (and remarks like that one) as serving two purposes:
1. Representing an actual historical figure, as others have pointed out -- Mencken.
2. As part of the drama, making Spencer Tracy's character more sympathetic, and creating an extra layer.
Besides "creationists vs. science," it also gives us "close-minded obnoxious people on one side of the argument against close-minded obnoxious people on the other side." :-)
It helps make it clear that Tracy's character, and the teacher himself, are not mindlessly scornful of home-town folks who have religious beliefs. They have just learned more, through open-minded thought and keeping track of scientific progress.
Unlike Hornbeck, they do not believe that knowledge and belief are necessarily contradictory, and they are not taking advantage of their further knowledge to condemn a whole group of people.
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