The American Communist Party (ACP) was a criminal organization. It was entirely under the control of the Soviet Comintern. Many people figured this out and quit, some did not.
It was not illegal to be a member of the ACP in 1946, nor at any other time. When someone is called before a committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate, they are required to answer the questions put to them. That is, unless they explicitly invoke the protection of the Fifth Ammendment protection against self incrimination. The witness then must stay silent. They are not allowed to make speeches.
The "Hollywood Ten" created multiple problems for themselves. First, legally, all they needed to do was say, "I invoke my protection under the Fifth Ammendment of the Constitution of the United States," and shut up. But they did not want to shut up. They wanted to denounce the questioning. Next, some of them had already testified in open hearings and denied membership. If they now admitted to membership they were open to charges of perjury. Next, some of them had engaged in "surreptitiously" injecting communist propaganda into their work.
I don't worry too much about commie propaganda. It is easy to recognize and disregard, at least as much so as any other propaganda. As long as it does not detract from the film. The two movies that I have seen that are openly touted as allegories for the Hollywood Blacklist, "High Noon" and "The Crucible," are not easily recognized as such. I never noticed that they were allegorical without reading explanations that they were. Likewise with "On the Waterfront." The biggest difference that I noticed is that the latter was a better movie and deserved to win more awards, as it did.
Keeping your mouth shut to protect people afraid to admit membership in a political party dedicated to the downfall of the United States is not patriotism. Answering honest questions put by a legal authority honestly is not "ratting."
The best diplomat I know is a fully charged phaser bank.
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