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Loved The exchange Between The Dentist And The Pastor


Dr.: "You say you have a soul, but how do you know?"
Pastor: "I can feel it"
Dr.: "Can you touch it?"
Pastor: "No"
Dr.: "Can you see it?"
Pastor: "No"
Dr.: "Can you smell it?"
Pastor: "No"
Dr.: "Then, Pastor, I submit you have no soul"
Pastor: "Dr., you being a dentist surely have had a toothache before right?"
Dr.: "Of course"
Pastor: Can you see the tooth ache?"
Dr.: "No"
Pastor: "Can you touch the tooth ache?"
Dr.: "No"
Pastor: "Can you smell the tooth ache?"
Dr.: "No"
Pastor: "Then Doctor, I submit you have never had a tooth ache"

Golden!

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I agree. The same thing can be said of many things; love being one. We can't see it, smell it, touch it, measure it, and sometimes can't fully explain it but most of us agree 'it' exists. I say 'it' in quotations because there are many different types of love, not just one; each of which can be felt in varying degrees. There’s romantic love, love of self, love of country, love of family, love of life…

Another of many examples is pain. We've all felt it, well most of us. There are, again, different types. There's the pain we feel from our own loss or emotional pain; there's empathetic pain or what we feel for others knowing they've experienced loss or hardship; and, there's physical pain which can even be manifested as phantom pain. They're all part of life and some may even be necessary to our human existence. Most people don’t dispute that.

The few people who cannot experience physical pain have real problems. It’s a disorder. They hurt themselves and get injured because they fail to know when they’re in danger; missing the warning signs that cause most of us to change course or stop what we’re doing. Even emotional pain serves its purpose. People who lack empathy often commit crimes and mistreat others. Those who do not experience loss themselves are often cold, robotic people who may also be unable to experience other emotions like joy and happiness. In my opinion, the people who lack a moral base, a spiritual, or religious foundation in their lives miss out on some important things too. Having a moral compass helps us know when we are off course; not going in the direction we want to go in our lives.

Doctors treat pain all the time yet they cannot see it, smell it, touch it, or measure it. They have to rely on the person experiencing it to let them know that it's there and to what extent or intensity they feel it. The cause of pain does not tell the whole story. A broken arm, for instance, we can see but each broken arm does not equal x amount of pain because everyone doesn't feel the same level of pain and each broken arm does not break in the same way. There are doctors who specialize in physical pain, Pain Management Specialists, and mental pain, Psychiatrists. They prescribe drugs, therapy, and treatments to help the person deal with their issues. In the same way, the clergy and others in religious life are also specialists who can help us deal with issues of faith.

People who use the arguments the Dentist did in the movie to try to disprove Religion, or God, or Faith, or the Soul, etc. do not seem very bright in my opinion. Naturally, they can choose to believe what they want or ignore what others believe but they keep relying on very weak arguments they'd never dare apply to other things in what they consider our ‘tangible’ world.

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It always galls me that the religious have the fantasy that they somehow their belief in a religion, or a faith, or a god, makes them somehow morally superior to those who do not. It never occurs to them that people not in their "club" have feelings and morals too. I've found the empathy of the atheist to be deeper than that of the theist, because it is the belief it is only life they are going to have. There's nothing after. No heaven. No hell. Only death. And that belief in death makes cherishing life all the more dear, and the loss of friends and family through death is all the more painful. There is no salve of a promised hereafter to heal up the wounds. It's not fun, but there's really no choice in the matter. Nothing can make one embrace a theology if one simply doesn't accept it in the first place.

Indeed, it seems many theists lack the very morally they claim only exists for them. Indeed, some of them have the crazy idea they need no morality at all! All they need is their faith to get them a ticket to Heaven/Paradise.

That said, I wonder why the Pastor didn't ask the sensible question "Can you FEEL a toothache?"





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pearson-7 says > It always galls me that the religious have the fantasy that they somehow their belief in a religion, or a faith, or a god, makes them somehow morally superior to those who do not.
You may not realize it but in this very statement you are doing exactly what you've accused other people of doing. You are making a moral judgment and feel you hold the superior position. It 'galls' you because you consider what 'they' are doing to be wrong. Obviously, by extension, you must consider yourself or your stance to be right; otherwise, I assume, you wouldn't be expressing it.

some of them have the crazy idea they need no morality at all! All they need is their faith to get them a ticket to Heaven/Paradise.
That doesn't make sense. Morality is a system of good versus bad and right versus wrong by which we live our lives. I've never understood how someone could claim to live a moral life and NOT have some say on certain things that are going on around them. How can I claim to believe, for example, that theft is wrong yet look the other way or sit idly by when I see or know someone's stealing? Living morally doesn't just apply to what we do in our own personal lives; it cannot be separate from what's going on around us.

Having faith is having a belief in something; usually something greater than ourselves. I believe in God so I believe that things will work out well or, at least, how they should but that doesn't mean I can just sit around doing nothing; waiting for something to happen.

Life, for me, is like being on a journey. I can say I intend to go to Paris but if I don't take the steps necessary to get there I never will. There are many ways to get to Paris but depending where I am I may need to drive to an airport, take a flight, then take a taxi, etc. All along the way I have to take the right steps so I don't veer off course. If my flight is canceled or I run into other detours I have to find a way to get back on track and keep going...

I wonder why the Pastor didn't ask the sensible question "Can you FEEL a toothache?"
As someone can feel a toothache so, too, can they feel or sense when they are off course. The conscience is a function of the soul. People who do not have a conscience are described as soulless. They lack that inner feeling or voice that guides them; that tells them when they are doing the wrong thing, or they simply ignore it.

Merely feeling the tooth ache means nothing. If that feeling doesn't motivate some action, like altering behaviors or seeking help, there can be further damage to the area or to the person as a whole. Continuing to chomp down on that area like nothing is wrong will lead to more serious problems; the nerve may dead so the pain may disappear but so too would the functionality of that area. If an infection sets in it can eventually even lead to the person’s death.


Woman, man! That's the way it should be Tarzan. [Tarzan and his mate]

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My apologies. I don't visit this site daily.

mdonln wrote>> You may not realize it but in this very statement you are doing exactly what you've accused other people of doing. You are making a moral judgment and feel you hold the superior position. It 'galls' you because you consider what 'they' are doing to be wrong. Obviously, by extension, you must consider yourself or your stance to be right; otherwise, I assume, you wouldn't be expressing it.

Yes mdonin, I'm making a moral judgement -- and I'm an ATHEIST! Imagine that. Looks like one need not be religious to have morals.

I wrote>> some of them have the crazy idea they need no morality at all! All they need is their faith to get them a ticket to Heaven/Paradise.

Then mdonin penned>> That doesn't make sense.

Again, I agree. That makes no sense whatsoever. Yet that is precisely what some Christians do. It seems some -- and there are more than a few -- care more about the prize their Christ offers, than the morality that he teaches in the Bible. I don't suggest that you share this view, but some do -- and its a reality that shakes the dubious bonds between faith and morality.

I also wrote>> I wonder why the Pastor didn't ask the sensible question "Can you FEEL a toothache?"

And then mdonin replied>> As someone can feel a toothache so, too, can they feel or sense when they are off course.

It's not really the same thing at all. One is physical pain, the other emotional pain. As for the possible feelings of guilt of making a wrong choice in life -- that is again about morality, a trait most humans -- theists and atheists -- share. It had nothing to do with the screwball belief in a "higher power" where no proof of such a being really exists.




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pearson-7 say > Yes mdonin, I'm making a moral judgement -- and I'm an ATHEIST! Imagine that. Looks like one need not be religious to have morals.
I think you know that wasn't the point I was responding to or making. My point was that you were passing judgment on the very people, the 'religious', that you claim sit in high moral judgment of others. Why is it okay for you but not for them?

I've never said atheists don't have morals. In fact, I'd expect those in the U.S. to have gleaned something from the Judeo-Christian values that form the basis of our society. I'd expect something to rub off.

I agree. That makes no sense whatsoever. Yet that is precisely what some Christians do. It seems some -- and there are more than a few -- care more about the prize their Christ offers, than the morality that he teaches in the Bible.
How do you know what they care about or are thinking? When I said it didn't make sense I was referring to what you said not to what the Christians you described were doing. If they are Christians they would know they are accountable for how they live their lives. As a Christian myself, specifically Catholic, I seriously doubt they think of anything in terms of 'the prize'. I wouldn't expect you to understand it but religion is not some contest for which one wins some kind of prize at the end. It is a framework by which people live their lives; it's about the kind of person they aspire to be; it's about shared values and beliefs. These people to whom you refer may be doing the best they can but, again, you sit in judgment of them for their perceived wrongs. My guess is they know the ultimate judge cannot be fooled.

It's not really the same thing at all. One is physical pain, the other emotional pain.
Physical and emotional pain are not as far apart as you may think. One can neither see nor feel another person's pain; physical or emotional, though in both cases one can 'see' from where it stems. If someone has experienced a loss we can understand why they may be suffering; likewise, if someone breaks their arm we can 'see' that it could cause pain and suffering. The same can be said when someone is struggling because they've made the wrong choices in their life. There is pain and suffering associated with that; it's all related.

As for the possible feelings of guilt of making a wrong choice in life -- that is again about morality, a trait most humans -- theists and atheists -- share.
I don't know what you mean by 'guilt of making a wrong choice...' God neither expects nor demands perfection from us. Certainly we know the difference between right and wrong and should always strive to do what's right but even when we go wrong we can repent. You sound as if religion or morality is a strait-jacket that imprisons a person and keeps them living in fear. I don't know how it all works with atheists; with no higher power I guess you are all there is; all alone in the universe. For me, having values and morals makes living my life easier. I don't have to agonize and stress over every choice and every decision because I know what I believe and have decided the direction in which I want to go.

It had nothing to do with the screwball belief in a "higher power" where no proof of such a being really exists.
Oh, you atheists; you seem to have all the answers. You live in the same world I live in but you act as if you have it all figured out. Do you know how many generations of people lived day in and day out without knowing most of the things we now take for granted? By the same token, many of the things we take for granted today may, at some later point, be proven wrong; other things will be discovered that we haven't even yet considered.

Having, what you call 'proof' means something very different to you than it does to me. I have all the proof I need that God exists. It's all around me wherever I look and everywhere I go. It's about having Faith. We still can't explain in scientific terms how we're here or why we're here, yet here we are. Do you also question our existence? Are you an a-humanist because you can't explain human existence?

I'm always amused by how this is only an issue in regards to God. There are so many things in life on which we place our complete faith and never require an ounce of proof but if I say I believe in God, you demand a full dossier. Those are your hangups, my friend, not mine.


Woman, man! That's the way it should be Tarzan. [Tarzan and his mate]

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I think you know that wasn't the point I was responding to or making.


And how would you know what I know what you know what I know what you know what I know, etc.?

My point was that you were passing judgment on the very people, the 'religious', that you claim sit in high moral judgment of others. Why is it okay for you but not for them?


Am I passing my own moral judgement? Absolutely! All morality is subjective, although it is often posed as "objectively subjective" or even "subjectively objective." I just don't pretend my morality comes from magic.

I've never said atheists don't have morals. In fact, I'd expect those in the U.S. to have gleaned something from the Judeo-Christian values that form the basis of our society. I'd expect something to rub off.


Well, that little quote needs SEVERAL retort. First, it leaves little doubt you yourself are Christian -- as most Jewish people I've met flinch at the term "Judeo-Christian" values, as the term itself is actually a rather sly way of dragging Jewish people into mire that is Christianity. Jews don't believe in your Christ. Ironically, the Muslims DO believe in Jesus, yet I see few Christians jumping to support "Christo-Islam," which of course, is another way of saying "Islam." Ho-Hum.

Second, the United States is NOT based on Christianity, but on ENGLISH LAW, which in turn is based on Roman and Greek law. You know them I'm sure: the old heathens! I've read the Bible from Cover-to-Cover, and I can't find a thing about a Republic or Democracy, or even about the right to vote. I dunno, maybe the rabbis or high priest deleted that part. (Shrug)

Lastly, yes it is true probably many American atheists use PARTS of the Bible as a part for their moral values. Even a broken clock is right twice a day. However, atheists ALSO gleem wisdom from other the Qur'an, the Gita, the sayings of Buddha and others. But the MOST IMPORTANT elements of morality come from our parents, our schools, and the laws that make up our society -- and those aren't the laws made up by Moses.

How do you know what they care about or are thinking?


I can't. I can only go by what they themselves say.

Physical and emotional pain are not as far apart as you may think.


Oh REALLY? Are suggesting slamming a hammer into you kneecap produces the same sensation as breaking up with your lover? (Unless of course your lover slammed a hammer into your kneecap. That would likely be about the same.)

I don't know what you mean by 'guilt of making a wrong choice...' God neither expects...


As said earlier in this thread, I'm an atheist, and therefore, your god doesn't mean much to me. Is there a god out there? Darned if I know. But regarding YOUR god, the odds look very slim indeed. Nor does it look good for your devil, angels, demons, Heaven, Hell or even your concept of "Sin." It all seems pretty bogus to me. However, IF I did believe that an all powerful god existed... I sincerely doubt it - or any of its agents - would be talking to a guy a burn bush, on a road to Damascas, inside a cave, or anywhere else.

MOST of all, I really doubt that YOU would know what such a god would expect, as I doubt it has private conversations with you. More likely you got it from another human being.

Oh, you atheists; you seem to have all the answers.


Actually, no. You got that wrong too. I don't pretend to have ANY ANSWERS. Knowing one doesn't have all the answers is the beginning of wisdom.But at least with the hard sciences and hisory, we have SOME of the answers, and none of them are based in a belief in magic.

You live in the same world I live in but you act as if you have it all figured out.


Quite the opposite. But I admit I am amused by people who do insist they do, because an invisible friend must have done it.

Having, what you call 'proof' means something very different to you than it does to me.


So it seems.

I have all the proof I need that God exists.[quote]

and...

[quote]It's about having Faith.


Faith is the opposite of knowledge. Those with one don't need the either. You, it seems, pretend to have both while having neither.

I DO search for both, traveling between the winds (as did Ethan Edwards).

Do you also question our existence?


Naw, I can see I'M here. As for you... can I really be sure? But there is more evidence for you than for your god.

Are you an a-humanist because you can't explain human existence?


Parents.

...but if I say I believe in God, you demand a full dossier.


I demand SOMETHING. You have nothing at all. I leave you with you self-satifaction.

However, if your god DOES show up, send it my way. Maybe it can dance as well as Fred Astaire.






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pearson-7 says > And how would you know what I know what you know what I know what you know what I know, etc.?
Your response seemed to be a way to deflect from the point I was making. I had said you were making a moral judgment so saying you have morals was redundant and unnecessary.

Am I passing my own moral judgement? Absolutely!...I just don't pretend my morality comes from magic.
I don't take issue with your passing judgment. We all do it to some extent but you made it seem like only religious people do it. I don't pretend my morality comes from magic. You said that and now you're arguing against it. My morals are based on my religious beliefs and convictions. You may be an atheist but, ironically, whatever morals you have would be based on religious tenets as well. People are taught right and wrong we don't inherently know it. It has to come from somewhere.

most Jewish people I've met flinch at the term "Judeo-Christian" values, as the term itself is actually a rather sly way of dragging Jewish people into mire that is Christianity.
Apparently, like you, those people are unfamiliar with the term and how it's used. It is neither an attempt to drag one group in nor exclude another. It simply acknowledges the shared values of Jews and Christians and how those values have helped shape American culture. Jews and Christians have the Old Testament part of the Bible in common; which forms the basis for most, if not all, of this country's core values.

Jews don't believe in your Christ. Ironically, the Muslims DO believe in Jesus, yet I see few Christians jumping to support "Christo-Islam," which of course, is another way of saying "Islam." Ho-Hum.
Christians splintered off from Jews when some Jews went on to follow Jesus Christ that is where the term 'Christian' came from - get it? Clearly, it's not that they don't believe in Jesus, he just doesn't represent to them what he does to Christians. Muslim see Jesus as a prophet but again, he is not to them what he is to Christians. All three of these religions have monotheism in common, and, I dare say, while the approaches are different, we worship the same God.

By the way, I'm not sure why you seem to be trying to create division. I am Catholic but I have always been encouraged, not only, to learn about other religions but also to have respect for them; even atheists. We are all God's children. I have always had friends, and relatives, of all different backgrounds and religions and we all get along perfectly fine. We talk about religion and cultural differences as openly as we talk about anything else.

the United States is NOT based on Christianity, but on ENGLISH LAW, which in turn is based on Roman and Greek law. You know them I'm sure: the old heathens!
Values, my friend; I said values! You're talking about court procedures and forms of government; big difference!

I've read the Bible from Cover-to-Cover...
Your reading the Bible is probably like someone reading a cookbook. I would not discourage it but you get a lot more out of it when you put it into action.

it is true probably many American atheists use PARTS of the Bible as a part for their moral values. Even a broken clock is right twice a day. However, atheists ALSO gleem wisdom from other the Qur'an, the Gita, the sayings of Buddha and others.
The broken clock analogy and the search for wisdom in religious texts suggest that a lot of self-described atheists are probably more agnostic than they care to admit. Maybe they just lack the resolve to be Faithful.

the MOST IMPORTANT elements of morality come from our parents, our schools, and the laws that make up our society --.
I agree, sort of. We used to be able to rely on various people and institutions to reinforce shared values but it doesn't really work that way anymore. As a society we no longer seem to have many values in common; some aren't even patriotic and others don't seem to have any morals or values at all. It all leads to tension and hostility - the kind that threatens to erupt every day.

those aren't the laws made up by Moses
Moses, really? I know that was intentional and not a slip but I'll say it anyway. Moses did not make up the ten commandments; he delivered them. If someone hands you a note from someone else, would you assume the messenger wrote it? Would you also dispute how the messenger received the note or that he received it at all? If so, you have some serious issues.

I can only go by what they themselves say.
A lot of religious people, even those who devote their lives to it, sometimes struggle or question their faith; it happens but usually they come out of it with greater resolve. What someone says may reflect where they are in their lives or to whom they're speaking. They may not care to share those details with those who can't understand or relate; meaning they may not be telling you all that's going on.

Oh REALLY? Are suggesting slamming a hammer into you kneecap produces the same sensation as breaking up with your lover?
Maybe you've never felt that kind of pain. If not, consider yourself lucky. Emotional pain, like what one suffers as a result of a loss, can feel worst than a hammer to the knee. You can't put ice on that kind of pain or massage it to soothe it away. Pain from a hammer to the knee, even if it causes serious damage, tends to subside after a while. Emotional pain, on the other hand, can endure; even after years the pain can persist and it can lead to other problems.

Inner pain is often the reason some people use and abuse drugs and alcohol; others express their pain in an outwardly fashion. They use anger, violence, hatred, etc.; anything to make themselves feel better. They desperately try to dull the pain or even escape it - if only for a while; much the same way some people abuse painkillers to deal with chronic physical pain. If you can't understand that you probably have a lack of empathy too. I'm sure you've heard that the scars from emotional pain can be deeper and harder to heal than physical ones.

Pain is one of many areas in which Faith can play an important role in a person's life. Those who cannot see beyond the obvious, the here and now, or who feel hopelessly stuck in their current situation will have a difficult time getting through life. Those without faith of any kind tend to give up when confronted with obstacles. What is life without hope?

I'm an atheist, and therefore, your god doesn't mean much to me. Is there a god out there? Darned if I know. But regarding YOUR god, the odds look very slim indeed. Nor does it look good for your devil, angels, demons, Heaven, Hell or even your concept of "Sin." It all seems pretty bogus to me. However, IF I did believe that an all powerful god existed... I sincerely doubt it - or any of its agents - would be talking to a guy a burn bush, on a road to Damascas, inside a cave, or anywhere else. MOST of all, I really doubt that YOU would know what such a god would expect, as I doubt it has private conversations with you. More likely you got it from another human being.
All of this is another way of saying God must be proven to you. It shows your complete arrogance but it makes me laugh because disproving something is a lot more difficult than proving it. You have an uphill struggle but at least you're determined.

Why not ask me to prove the existence of air? People were breathing long before they understood the concept of oxygen. Does that mean oxygen did not exist until they understood it? Give me a break! Do you not believe in love because you can't see it, hold it, or touch it? If you're lucky you feel it so you know; that explains it but if you've never experienced it it's hard for someone to even begin to give you an idea of what it's like. Speaking of ideas, what about them; what does an idea look like? How do they come to be in your mind? Is it magic? I guess people can't possibly have ideas since there's no such thing, right?

I really doubt that YOU would know what such a god would expect, as I doubt it has private conversations with you. More likely you got it from another human being.
I guess everything you know about the universe you figured out yourself. Congrats! I see it differently; so much of what we 'know' is what we've been taught by others. Having been taught a concept simply gives us a better understanding of what we have experienced and continue to experience for ourselves.

These days a lot of parents fail to teach their children the basic things they need to know: values and morals. They don't learn these things in school either or they're taught the wrong things. That's why we have hordes of people in society who are simply lost. They're ill-equipped to deal with life and we all pay the price.

I don't pretend to have ANY ANSWERS.
Except that there is no God. You seem pretty darn certain of that! Do you know what an atheist is? Not having all the answers would make you an agnostic. Atheists claim to know.

I am amused by people who do insist they do, because an invisible friend must have done it.
My invisible friend is awesome and has done a lot! It's too bad you don't know him; he sure knows you! You keep saying it's magical thinking to believe in God but what could be more magical than to believe we just sprang up out of nothing? I think you refer to Faith as magic because you're unable to understand it. That's the same thing primitive people did when they couldn't understand something too. They thought of it as magic.

Faith is the opposite of knowledge. Those with one don't need the either. You, it seems, pretend to have both while having neither.
Faith is not the opposite of knowledge. They work together and we need both. You claim to seek both but say they are mutually exclusive. How bizarre! To say I have neither suggests you're some kind of an authority but you clearly are not. You have no Faith and still need proof for what is all around you.

I can see I'M here. As for you... can I really be sure? But there is more evidence for you than for your god.
You say those things so casually without, apparently, ever giving them much thought. How do you know you're here? Where is here? These are things you have been taught along the way. You can see parts of your body, yes, but to really see yourself; all of you, requires reflection. People existed for ages without ever seeing themselves the way we're able to see ourselves today yet they existed just as we do. A lot of animals, upon seeing their reflection, will attack that 'other animal' not realizing they're looking at themselves. They exist but aren't aware so stop taking so much for granted.

You have no idea who I am but you could make some general assumptions. However, you 'know' me because we've been communicating over a medium that did not exist fifty years ago. People then could never have imagined the concept of having a discussion with someone they'd never met. You have no idea where or who I am but does it matter? No. This very real electronic 'connection' would have, at one point, been considered magic; to some it probably still is even while many of us take it for granted.

I still watch movies made long before even my parents were born. They still bring out emotions in me all these years later. That is magical in a sense but it's also real. You have to free your mind. That's an important part of Faith. Closed-minded people can't have Faith because it means you have to believe that whatever you know at a given point is not the end all or be all; it's not the final word. It's very arrogant, in my opinion, to think that only we can determine what is and is not in the universe. Accepting there is a higher power shows we're humble. We may be on top of the food chain and we are special but we're not everything and we did not create ourselves.

I demand SOMETHING. You have nothing at all. I leave you with you self-satifaction. However, if your god DOES show up, send it my way. Maybe it can dance as well as Fred Astaire.
There's that arrogance again. When you watch Astaire dance how can you not believe in God? The things a human body can do; all that we are... With all we know we still can't replicate a human or even come close. We've also never seen anything spontaneously come into existence and develop to be human. Why has it not continue to happen? Still, you want to think this wondrous universe we live in just developed perfectly out of nothing. You can believe that; it's your choice because God gave us free will. I chose to believe that it was all, including ourselves, the result of intelligent design. By the way, intelligent design is not incompatible with evolution. I've always been taught and believe in both.

I don't need to send God your way any more than I need to send you the air you need to breathe. Like God, air is all around, inside, and a part of you though your five senses cannot detect it. You know it's there because it's what you were taught; because of the effects it has on you; and because it's what you believe.


Woman, man! That's the way it should be Tarzan. [Tarzan and his mate]

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air is all around, inside, and a part of you though your five senses cannot detect it. You know it's there because it's what you were taught; because of the effects it has on you; and because it's what you believe.


Air does not require that one "believe", it simply is, unlike god(s) which require that one believe in them for them to be. This also applies to gravity.

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I'm staying out of the religious debate, but this scene has always left me flat.

No matter which side of the argument one is on, asking if one can "touch" a toothache is silly.

As Pearson-7 posted above:


I wonder why the Pastor didn't ask the sensible question "Can you FEEL a toothache?"


The way it is written, it seems he is being dishonest and sneaky by not doing so, as if he thinks he can somehow outwit the dentist by being quick and slippery. It doesn't seem like a very good representation of his beliefs.

Wouldn't it have been better to simply talk about the faith he had, that I'm sure he felt needed no worldly proof?

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