The representation of women in modern cinema has definitely declined. According to a recent survey by the University of Southern California,it has declined in the highest grossing films to its lowest point for five years.While there were 3,222 speaking roles for actors in the top 100 films of 2012,there were only 1,253 for actresses.And of those who did speak nearly a third wore sexually revealing clothes.
This lends validity to Laura Mulvey`s critique although it works best when applied to certain directors such as Hitchcock or De Palma and less for those like Hawks who feature strong,independent women or to take a recent example,the role of Jessica Chastain in Zero Dark Thirty but that is definitely a rarity. There also can be a slightly different representation of women in certain European films,often those featuring Isabelle Huppert. In The Piano Teacher ,for example,she is the character who drives the narrative forward and who as it were appropriates the male gaze,which is probably why this film made so many male critics and viewers uneasy.
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